Unit 1, Ch. 1 Looking at the Earth

Ch. 1 Section 1 Key Terms Geography Absolute Location Relative Location Hemisphere Equator Prime Meridian Latitude Longitude

5 Themes of Geography These 5 Themes help Geographers look at the use of space on earth and the interactions that take place there.

Theme 1: Location Location asks the question Where is it?

Location Location is identified in two different ways. Absolute Location Relative Location

Absolute Location Shows us the “Exact” location of a place by using lines of Latitude and lines of Longitude.

Absolute Location An example of Absolute Location is: You are in room 315 at Garland High School. You are in the 3 rd row, 4 th seat in room 315 at Garland High School

Relative Location Tells us where a place is “relative” to something else. Ex: You are in a class room at Garland High School.

Understanding Location In order to understand “Absolute Location” you must understand the use of Latitude and Longitude Lines.

Lines of Latitude Lines of Latitude run East & West or horizontal on a map. These lines are also known as “Parallels”. “Lat”itude / “Flat”itude

Lines of Longitude Lines of Longitude run North & South or up and down on a map. These lines are also known as “Meridians”.

Degrees of Lines Lines of Latitude only go up to 90 degrees. Equator = 0 degrees Lines of Longitude only go up to 180 degrees. Prime Meridian = 0 degrees

Hemispheres The earth is divided into 4 different “Hemispheres”. North, South, East & West

Skill Builder

Ch. 1 Sect. 2 The Geographer’s Tools

Key Terms; Sect. 2 Globe Map Cartographer Map Projection Topographic Map Landsat Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Globe A Globe is a 3 dimensional representation of the earth. It provides a way to view the earth as it travels through space.

Map A two dimensional representation of the earth’s surface. A disadvantage of a map is that distortion occurs as the earth’s surface is flattened to create the map

Cartographer A map maker, reduces some types of distortion by using different types of map projections.

Map Projections Is a way of drawing the earth’s surface that reduces the distortions caused by presenting a round earth on flat paper.

3 Types of Maps General reference: Show’s natural and man-made features on the earth. Thematic: Emphasize specific kinds of information; ex: climate or population density. Navigational: Sailors and pilots use this type to help find exact location.

Reading a Map What does all this stuff mean???

Map Key

Read and understand a map!!

Map Projections Planar Projection Conical Projection Cylindrical Projection

Planar Projections

Conical Projections

Cylindrical Projections

More Cylindrical Projections

Using Different Types of Maps (Pg 20-23)

Thematic Maps

Flow Line Maps

Map Practice