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Modeling the Planet Chapter 3
Map Cartographers Map Projection Flat, 2-D representation of Earth Mapmakers! Maps drawn in different ways
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3 Map Projections 1 - Mercator Flat, grid-like map of the earth Great for teaching latitude and longitude Distorts the areas near the poles
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2 - Gnomonic Used to show the shortest distance between 2 points Pilots and Captains use it! Distorts the area near the equator
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Polyconic The best of the three!
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Map Scales Map Scale How the map’s features compare in size with Earth’s surface
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3 types of map scales Verbal Ratio Graphical Someone tells you 1:500 (1 inch on the map equals 500 inches on the earth A line divided into segments showing distance on Earth
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Hemispheres Hemisphere Equator The Earth is divided into 2 hemispheres – the northern and the Southern The imaginary line that divides the earth into 2 halves
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Globe Degrees 360 degrees in a circle From the equator to the north pole is 90 degrees From the north pole to the south pole is 180 degrees
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Equator Equator The line that divides the Earth into the Northenr and Southern hemispheres
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Latitude Latitude Lines that run from side to side Lines that run parallel to the equator Nicknamed parallels Measure degrees north and south of the equator
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Prime Meridian Prime Meridian The line that divides the Earth into Eastern and western hemispheres 0 degrees longitude
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Longitude Longitude Lines that run up and down Measures degrees East and West of the prime meridian
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