1. What is Geography?

2. Geography Geography is the study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth Geographers use lots of tools to study the earth

3. Maps

4. Photographs

5. Five Themes of Geography A tool used by geographers that describe patterns and connections in the use of space There are 5 main themes

6. Theme 1- Location There are 2 types Absolute Location- exact place on earth where a geographic feature is found Relative Location- describes a place in comparison to other places around it

7. Other Themes Theme 2- Place (includes all physical and cultural features of a location) Theme 3- Region (an area of the earth with similar characteristics) Theme 4- Human- Environment Interaction (The relationship b/w humans and the environment) Theme 5- Movement

8. There are 3 main types of Maps

9. Topographic Map Topographic- shows natural and man-made features on earth

10. Thematic Map Thematic- shows information

11. Navigation Map Navigation- maps air and sea navigators use

12. Map Skills Why are all map projections distorted? The earth is round, and maps are flat, so the earth’s curves cannot be accurately shown on a map Map Projections Mercator- used for ship navigation Polar (Azimuthal)- used for air travel Robinson- used in classrooms

13. Mercator Map

14. Polar (Azimuthal) Map

15. Robinson Map

16. Map Directions Cardinal directions- north, south, east, and west Intermediate directions- southeast, southwest, northeast, northwest

17. Hemispheres The world is divided into hemispheres by latitude and longitude lines The Equator divides north and south, while the Prime Meridian divides east and west

18. Reading Maps There are 8 key elements that you need to know when reading a map

19. Title Explains the subject of the map

20. Compass Rose Shows orientation

21. Labels Words or phrases that explain map features

22. Legend Lists and explains the symbols and use of color on a map

23. Latitude Lines Run horizontal from the equator out on both sides of the globe (mark north and south positions)

24. Longitude Lines Run vertical from the prime meridian out on both sides of the globe (mark east and west positions)

25. Scale Ruler-like line that shows the lengths of earth distance units on the map

26. Grid System Intersecting Parallels and Meridians used to locate points on a map