BELLWORK: The Colombian Exchange 1.Explain the interaction between the Taino and Columbus’ crew. 2.How were Europeans able to conquer the Americas so easily? 3.Which diseases were transferred between the New and Old Worlds? Why were Natives so susceptible to disease? How did it effect their populations? 4.Which old world plants/animals created problems for the New World? Why? 5.Why did Europeans start using Africans as slaves instead of natives? 6.THINKER: Do you think the Colombian Exchange was more of an advantage or disadvantage to the New World? Explain!

Columbian Exchange Columbian Exchange: Exchange of animals, plants, cultures, slaves, and diseases between the New World and the Old World. Traded crops and livestock Diseases, especially smallpox, killed 50-90% of Native populations. First appearance of African slaves For homework tonight, you are going to read about the Colombian Exchange! Be ready to discuss tomorrow!

Old World Native Plants Citrus, apple, banana, mango, rice, wheat, coffee, and onion.

New World Native Plants Corn, tomato, potato, vanilla, rubber, cocoa, and tobacco.

Smallpox

Review Why did the British monarchy implement taxes in the colonies? British Laws leading to Revolution!

British Laws Leading to Revolution Another result of the French-Indian War that affected the poorer colonists was British limits to colonial land. The Proclamation of 1763 stated British colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian mountains. Rationale: –Appease the Native Americans –Concentrate the colonists in one single area Response/Rationale: –Colonists felt this was a way to control the population –Many had already settled west of this line –Others just failed to comply

The American Revolution From boycotts to war!

Colonial Protests Colonists used boycotts and protests to express dissatisfaction with high taxes & lack of political voice Attacked the 1765 Stamp Act by burning stamps in the streets: “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!” This quote symbolized the American fight for Independence. What does it mean? Is a boycott an effective form of protest? Why or why not?

Unrest in Boston In order to enforce new laws, Britain sent soldiers to the new colonies. Boston became the center of conflict between the colonists (Patriots/Rebels) and British (Tories/Loyalists) Boston Massacre: On March 5, 1770, a squad of British soldiers were harassed by a Boston crowd, eventually leading to gunfire and five deaths. Britain responded by implementing the Tea Act.

Why did the colonists refer to this as a “massacre?”

Unrest in Boston Tea Act (1773) –Increased the tax on tea –Stated colonists could only buy tea from British companies (London Company) –Increased punishment for illegal trade or smuggling tea Boston Tea Party: colonists snuck onto tea ships and dumped the chests of tea into the harbor. “The Destruction of Tea at Boston Harbor” by: Nathan Currier, 1846

British Response to Tea Party In order to punish the colonists, Parliament passed the Coercive or “Intolerable” Acts (1774) –Boston Port Act: closed the Boston port until all tea had been repaid –Massachusetts Government Act: reinstate British control in MA; King appointed new governors & outlawed town meetings –Administration of Justice Act: allowed governors to move trials of accused royal officials to Great Britain if he believed the official could not get a fair trial in Massachusetts –Quartering Act: required colonists to provide housing for British soldiers –Quebec Act: Extended the boundaries of the British- controlled Quebec, west of the Mississippi River