1. American Revolution Causes Unit 4

2. Causes of the American Revolution

3. King George III 1760-1801 Feared that the loss of one group of colonies would lead to the loss of another. Maintained an aggressive policy against colonial resistance.

4. Mercantilism Carefully controlling trade Britain made it where the colonies could only trade with Britain and no one else. Colonies were expected to be a source of raw materials for the “mother country” Colonies were also expected to be the purchasers of manufactured goods from Britain

5. Proclamation of 1763 British Parliament Law Colonists were forbidden to settle west of the Appalachian mountains Britain wanted a buffer zone between colonists and Native Americans Colonists wanted to settle in the fertile Ohio River Valley

6. Stamp Act - 1765 Required that all legal documents have an official stamp showing a tax had been paid. British used this to make money after the French and Indian war. The problem with this is that the colonists had absolutely no say in the taxes.

7. Civil disobedience This is considered going against the government or rulers of the time. The colonists decided to boycott British goods. Boycott means refuse to buy. The protests and demonstrations were considered civil disobedience.

8. Lack of Representation in Parliament Since the colonies were formed, little systems of representative government had began. Colonists were unhappy with Britain’s insistence of Parliament’s supremacy (taxation). Colonists did not have direct representation in Parliament. The slogan – “No Taxation without Representation” became popular throughout the colonies.

9. Patrick Henry A member of the Virginia House of Burgesses Spoke out against the Stamp Act Famous quote, “Give me Liberty or give me death!” spread throughout the colonies during the war.

10. Townshend Acts - 1767 Taxed imported glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. The money for these duties (taxes) paid for military costs and the salaries of colonial governors. To enforce this, British officials used writs of assistance. This allowed tax collectors to search for smuggled goods without a warrant.

11. Boston Massacre - 1770 Tensions exploded between colonists and British troops sent to keep order. A crowd gathered around a group of soldiers. Colonists were shouting insults, throwing snowballs. The mob grew louder and angrier. Suddenly, soldiers fired into the crowd killing several colonist.

12. Propaganda What makes this an example of propaganda? One-sided (bias) Made the British look like they had been ordered. Colonists are fleeing

13. Tea Act - 1773 To reduce tension in the colonies, Parliament repealed most of the Townshend Acts. It kept a tax on British East India Tea. The colonists were smuggling tea. Britain made a deal with the British East India Company. This made the smuggled tea more expensive than the British tea.

14. Boston Tea Party - 1773 A political protest Sons of Liberty Men dressed as Native Americans dumped 342 chests of tea in the Boston Harbor. Soon the streets echoed with shouts of “Boston Harbor is a teapot tonight!” This was considered an act of civil disobedience.

15. Coercive/Intolerable Acts - 1774 These acts were passed in response to the Boston Tea Party. Boston Harbor was closed Massachusetts charter was cancelled Royal officials accused of crimes were sent to Britain for trial Quartering Act – forced colonists to quarter troops General Thomas Gage became the new governor of Massachusetts.

16. Tensions finally boil over.