The Phrase Part 1: Prepositional Phrases- The Adjective & Adverb Phrase

What is a phrase? A group of words that is missing a verb, a subject, or both Examples: – in the kitchen (no subject or verb) – could have been hiding (no subject) – to go with them (no subject)

Practice…Are these phrases or not when you know – NP in the garden – P (missing subject and verb) is sleeping – P (missing subject) how she remembered – NP smiling brightly – P (missing subject) to the supermarket – P (missing subject and verb)

Kinds of Phrases 1) Prepositional Phrase: – Begins with a preposition (remember your song…because now you really need it!!!) – Ends with a noun or pronoun

Example Prepositional Phrases during the day – Preposition: during – Noun/pronoun: day with us – Preposition: with – Noun/pronoun: us

Kinds of Phrases cont’d 1A) The Adjective Phrase – A prepositional phrase that describes a noun or pronoun – So, it begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, but it goes back to or is giving extra information about a noun or pronoun Charles Dickens wrote many tales {about poverty}. – about poverty = the adjective phrase (begins with about, ends with poverty) – tales = the noun it is giving extra information about

Adjective Phrase cont’d Answers the questions: – What kind? – How many? – Which one? – How much? **TIP** Adjective phrases usually follow the word or words they describe

Adjective Phrase cont’d You try… – Easy-----The store with the neon sign is open. – Harder----Here’s a gift for you from Mr. B. – Hardest-----A majority of the animals in the world sleep during the day.

Adjective Phrase Answers: – Easy-----The store {with the neon sign} is open. with the neon sign = adjective phrase store = noun it is describing (answers: which one?) – Harder----Here’s a gift {for you} {from Mr. B}. for you = adjective phrase from Mr. B = adjective phrase gift = noun that BOTH phrases are describing (answers: which one?) – Hardest-----A majority {of the animals} {in the world} sleep during the day. of the animals = adjective phrase majority = noun it is describing (answers: how many?) in the world = adjective phrase animals = noun it is describing (part of the 1 st adjective phrase) (answers: what kind?)

Kinds of Phrases cont’d 1B) The Adverb Phrase – A prepositional phrase that describes a verb, adjective, or adverb – So, it begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, but it goes back to or is giving extra information about a verb, adjective, or adverb The Ford Motor Company was founded {by Henry Ford} {in 1903}. – by Henry Ford = adverb phrase – in 1903 = adverb phrase – was founded = verb they are giving extra info about

Adverb Phrase cont’d Answers the questions: – When? – Where? – How? – Why? – How often? – How long? – To what extent? **TIP** like adverbs, adverb phrases can move around in the sentence. Adjective phrases usually only follow the word or words they describe.

Adverb Phrase cont’d You try… – Easy----We got our new puppy at the animal shelter. – Harder----She drove for hours through the storm. – Hardest----The boat landed on the island near the coast.

Adverb Phrase Answers – Easy----We got our new puppy {at the animal shelter}. at the animal shelter = adverb phrase got = verb it is describing (answers: where?) – Harder----She drove {for hours} {through the storm}. for hours = adverb phrase through the storm = adverb phrase drove = verb that BOTH phrases are describing (answers: how long? and where?) – Hardest----The boat landed {on the island} {near the coast}. on the island = adverb phrase landed = verb it is describing (answers: where?) near the coast = adjective phrase island = noun it is describing (part of the adverb phrase) (answers: which one?)