Ancient Indian Civilizations WHI. 4b

Geography of India Physical Barriers that protected India from invasion: - How did people migrate to India? The two major rivers of India 1) 2)

Name the River

Indus River

Name the River

Ganges River

Name the Mountain Range

Hindu Kush

Name the Mountain Range

Himalayas

Name this geographical region

Indian Subcontinent

Geography of India Indus River Ganges River Mohenjo-Daro Harappa

Physical barriers that protected India from invasion: Himalaya Mountains Hindu Kush Mountains Indian Ocean

How did people migrate to India? People migrated through mountain passes in the Hindu Kush—Known as the Khyber Pass

Himalayas- What is the significance of their location between China and India? Early Indus River Valley Civilizations

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Main idea is about… Essential details Main idea Essential details Indian Civilization 1)The two major cities of Indian Civilization include __________________ and __________________. 2)The Aryans are best remembered in India for- 3)The Mauryan Empire is was responsible for _______________ the people of India, under emperor ___________. 4)Under the Gupta Empire, India reached a period of time known as the-

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Main idea is about… Essential details Main idea Essential details Indian Civilization Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? 1)The two major cities of Indian Civilization include __________________ and __________________. 2)The Aryans are best remembered in India for- 3)The Mauryan Empire is was responsible for _______________ the people of India, under emperor ___________. 4)Under the Gupta Empire, India reached a period of time known as the-

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Main idea is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Essential details Main idea Essential details Indian Civilization Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Beginning of Indian Civilization

Beginning of Indian Civilization: Began in the Indus River Valley Spread to the Ganges River Spread without interruption because of location Major Cities= Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

Harrapan Toys

What was unique about these two cities?

Citadel – fortified area in the middle of the city

Streets were planned for particular types of traffic.

Perhaps the Indus cities’ greatest accomplishments were plumbing systems

Harrapan Sewer system

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Main idea is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Essential details Main idea Essential details Indian Civilization Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Beginning of Indian Civilization Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Spread without interruption b/c of location Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro Aryan Migration

Dots vs No Dots Directions: Each student will either be a “Dot” or “No Dot” If you’re a “Dot” you want to be in a group with the largest percentage of just “Dots” If you’re a “No Dot” you want to try and infiltrate (sneak into) “Dot” groups You may not show anyone you’re card, you may only ask The group with the largest percentage of pure “Dots” will be rewarded

Aryan Migration Migrated into India Created the Caste System Caste System told people what jobs they had

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Main idea is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Essential details Main idea Essential details Indian Civilization Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Beginning of Indian Civilization Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Spread without interruption b/c of location Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro Aryan Migration Migrated to India and dominated Created the Caste System The Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do Mauryan Empire

Mauryan Empire ( B.C.E) Greatest ruler= Emperor Ashoka

Contributions of Mauryan Empire: Unified the people of India Spread Buddhism Created: free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and roads

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Main idea is about… So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Essential details Main idea Essential details Indian Civilization Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Beginning of Indian Civilization Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Spread without interruption b/c of location Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro Aryan Migration Migrated to India and dominated Created the Caste System The Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do Mauryan Empire Greatest Ruler= Emperor Asoka Unified the people of India Spread Buddhism Created: free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and roads Gupta Empire

Gupta Empire ( C.E.) Gupta= Golden Age of Indian Culture

Gupta Empire Practiced Hinduism ▫Believed in Caste System for social order ▫Holy book was the Vedas

Contributions of Gupta Empire: Math (concept of zero) Medical advances (setting bones) Astronomy (round earth) New textiles = clothing Literature

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Main idea is about… Essential details Main idea Essential details Indian Civilization Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Beginning of Indian Civilization Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Spread without interruption b/c of location Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro Aryan Migration Migrated to India and dominated Created the Caste System The Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do Mauryan Empire Greatest Ruler= Emperor Asoka Unified the people of India Spread Buddhism Created: free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and roads Gupta Empire Golden Age of Indian Culture Contributions include: math (concept of zero), medical advances (setting bones), astronomy (concept of a round earth), new textiles, and literature 1)The two major cities of Indian Civilization include __________________ and __________________. 2)The Aryans are best remembered in India for- 3)The Mauryan Empire is was responsible for _______________ the people of India, under emperor ___________. 4)Under the Gupta Empire, India reached a period of time known as the-

Asoka Video: m?guidAssetId=752BA39F-CB19-48CB-B2ED- 8DF9909CA24D&blnFromSearch=1&productco de=UShttp://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cf m?guidAssetId=752BA39F-CB19-48CB-B2ED- 8DF9909CA24D&blnFromSearch=1&productco de=US

Architecture HinduBuddhist

Architecture HinduBuddhist

Gupta: Art and Architecture Hindu TemplesBuddhist Temples Reflect cosmic powers Squared shape inscribed in a circle to symbolize eternity Wooden carved gods and goddesses, as well as animals Stupas ▫Large dome shaped ▫Held the remains of holy people ▫Ringed with enclosed walkways Elaborate wooden carved gateways ▫Told the life of Buddha

Gupta: Art and Architecture Renowned for its wooden carvings Remembered for advancements in literature ▫Fables and folk tales recorded in Sanskrit ▫Eventually carried west to Persia, Egypt, and Greece

Fall of Gupta Empire Reached its height as the Roman Empire began to fall Eventually weak rulers, civil war, and foreign invaders caused a decline The White Huns eventually destroy the empire India split back into many kingdoms No new empire for 1,000 years