Music History Eras There are 6 Middle Ages Renaissance Baroque Classical Romantic 20th Century

Middle Ages 450-1450 Historical Musical “Bring Out yer Dead” Spread of Christianity European Culture Develops Islamic Cultural Influence Musical Music of the Church Musical Notation Begins Polyphony is Born “Bring Out yer Dead”

Middle Ages Composers of Note… Hildegard von Bingen Monoit d’Arras Guillaume de Machaut

Hildegard von Bingen 1098-1179 She was a nun. She was a musician, naturalist and philosopher She experienced “visions” since her childhood Modern doctors have diagnosed her visions as migraines Playing: Ave Generosa

Renaissance 1450-1600 Historical Musical End of the Dark Ages Rebirth of classical learning The feudal system passes away Musical Music becomes “popular” Music relies on 3rds Brass, Strings, Woodwinds and Percussion are all utilized.

Renaissance Composers of Note Thomas Tallis Josquin Des Prez Claudio Monteverdi William Byrd Giovanni Gabrielli

Giovanni Gabrielli 1554-1612 Worked for the Church as an organist Wrote in “PolyChoral” Style Very famous…other composers studied with him Playing: Canzona #2

Baroque 1600-1750 Historical Musical Science becomes important The “New World” is developed Musical Music expands in notation & technique Opera becomes a major form of music

Baroque Composers of Note Johann Sebastian Bach George Frederich Handel Antonio Vivaldi Johann Pachelbel Domenico Scarlatti

Johann Sebastian Bach 1685-1750 German composer and organist The “supreme” composer of this era Was also a teacher, and wrote “the Well Tempered Clavier” Playing: Fugue in g minor

Classical 1750-1825 Historical Musical The industrial revolution Government as we know it evolves Musical The piano becomes popular The Symphony is developed Instrumental music comes to the front Beauty is important in music…not just form

Classical Composers of Note Ludwig van Beethoven Antonin Dvorak Sir Edward Elgar Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 1756-1791 Composed over 600 works..died at 35 Was a child prodigy Spent much of his life poor & in debt Died of probably Rheumatic Fever Playing: Horn Concerto #3 Allegro

Romantic Era 1825-1900 Historical Musical European Nationalism American Civil War Western Expansion Musical Programmatic Music Expressive, Daring Music Technological Advances in Instruments..Valves & Keys Composers became “rock stars”

Romantic Composers of Note Johannes Brahams Frederic Chopin Giacomo Puccini Peter Tchaikovsky

Peter Tchaikovsky 1840-1893 Prolific Russian Composer Dramatic “Heavy” music Was heavily criticized during his life First Russian composer to simulate European Music Died Sadly…possibly of suicide Playing: Finale from Symphony #4

20th Century/Contemporary 1900-Present Historical Development of Technology Global Communications Decline of Totalitarianism Musical Widening gap between art and popular music Advent of sound recording Movie music becomes important

20th Century Composers of Note 1900-Present Aaron Copland Percy Grainger Paul Hindemith Gustav Holst Leonard Bernstein Charles Ives John Williams

Percy Grainger 1882-1961 An avid collector of folk music Australian born Moved to the U.S. to avoid being drafted In 1941 toured with the Gustavus Concert Band A Bit odd…would never wash or iron clothes for days…known as the jogging pianist Playing: “The Gumsuckers March”