World War I Causes, Alliances, and the Battles Begin.

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Presentation transcript:

World War I Causes, Alliances, and the Battles Begin

Cause #1- Nationalism Definition- The feeling that a specific nation, language, or culture is superior to all others. Became a force for unification in Europe and throughout the world “We are a Nation”

Cause #2 -Imperialism Definition- Competition amongst Nations to build the largest overseas empires

Cause #2 Imperialism England, France, Germany, Italy, and Russia all wanted empires overseas and in Europe Tension builds

Cause #3- Militarism Relationships in Europe grew more strained Countries built up their armies aggressively By 1913, Germany had the most powerful Army in the world

New Alliances Trying to create a “balance of power” No one would start a war without a real advantage!

Triple Alliance member #1- Germany In 1879 Germany allied with Austria- Hungary

Triple Alliance Member #2- Austria- Hungary What? This consists of what is now Austria and Hungary

Triple Alliance member #3- Italy Joined Austria- Hungary and Germany in 1882

Triple Entente member #1- France Concerned by Germany’s Alliance, France formed a military alliance with Russia in 1893

Triple Entente member #2- Russia Joined with France in 1893 Reached an understanding with Britain in 1907.

Triple Entente member #3- Britain Britain feared Germany’s growing naval power, they reached entente (or understanding), 1 st with France, next with Russia

Who are they? Triple Entente France Russia Britain Triple Alliance Italy Germany Austria- Hungary

STAY TUNED… For the Spark that ignited war and beyond!

The Spark that lit the fuse Austria- Hungary annexed Bosnia Slavic nationalists (Bosnians)wanted to ally with Serbia Black Hand- group that used violence and were nationalists

19 year old Black Hand member Gaurilo Princip assassinates some one! Who? Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to thrown of Austria- Hungary) When? June 28, 1914 Where? Sarajevo

Result: World War I Begins Austria- Hungary declares war on Serbia(Russian ally) Everybody fulfills commitments

Central Powers Austria- Hungary Germany Bulgaria Ottoman Empire

Allied Powers Britain France Russia Italy What?

COMING SOON… THE BATTLES BEGIN!

1 st Battle of the Marne (September 1914) German Army was within 25 miles of Paris (Schlieffen Plan) French Troops launched a counterattack at the Marne River Germans retreated Trench Warfare ensues 200, French and Germans killed

Battle of Verdun (February December 1916) French Verdun- town with Forts German would advance and try to “bleed” France to death- attack eventually called off Longest WWI battle Over 250, 000 killed French determination

Battle of the Somme (July 1 to November ) Chief Ally attack 20,000 British killed on first day (record) Goals- kill soldiers and gain territory Eventually called off

2 nd Battle of the Marne (July 15- September ) Germany’s last and desperate offense U.S.A. blew up every bridge on the Marne that Germans built U.S.A.- 30, 000 killed and wounded