1. World War I War Chart (sort of…) 1914 - 1918

2. Essential Questions What brought the U.S. into World War I? What brought the U.S. into World War I? Is it right for America to intervene in foreign conflicts? Is it right for America to intervene in foreign conflicts? Should America go to war to make the world “safe for democracy?” Should America go to war to make the world “safe for democracy?” How does the “homefront” affect how America deals with a crisis? How does the “homefront” affect how America deals with a crisis?

3. Long Term Causes Remember the “M.A.I.N.” 1. Militarism Glorifying military power and keeping standing army (always ready for war) Britain is only county in Europe without one at beginning of war Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germany) - navy

4. Long term causes 2. Alliances 2. Alliances Meant to keep peace, but leads to World War Meant to keep peace, but leads to World War Triple Alliance Triple Alliance Germany, Austria- Hungary, Italy Triple Entente Triple Entente France, Britain, Russia Where is the U.S. in all of this?

5. Long term Causes 3. Imperialism 3. Imperialism Dominating a weaker territory either politically, economically, and/or socially Competing for colonies

6. Long Term Causes 4. Nationalism 4. Nationalism Deep feelings for own country European rivalries include Germany, Austria-Hungary, Britain, Russia, Italy, France Competition for resources

7. Spark “Powder Keg” of Europe The Balkans Russia and Austria fight over territory Serbs, Croats, Bosnians, Slavs, etc. all want own country or recognition

8. Spark, cont. (1914) Archduke Franz Ferdinand (of Austria) tours Sarajevo (Bosnia) Archduke Franz Ferdinand (of Austria) tours Sarajevo (Bosnia) Shot and killed by Serbian Gavrilo Princip (Black Hand) Shot and killed by Serbian Gavrilo Princip (Black Hand) Austria takes it as a sign of Serbian aggression Austria takes it as a sign of Serbian aggression Germany encourages Austria to declare war on Serbia (promises to help) Germany encourages Austria to declare war on Serbia (promises to help) Alliance system kicks in Alliance system kicks in

9. War begins Powder Keg is lit with the assassination Powder Keg is lit with the assassination Alliance system falls apart (new ones form) Alliance system falls apart (new ones form) World War I becomes largest war ever World War I becomes largest war ever

10. New Alliance Systems Central Powers = Germany, Austria- Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Central Powers = Germany, Austria- Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Allies = England, France, Russia (eventually Japan, Italy, and the U.S.) Allies = England, France, Russia (eventually Japan, Italy, and the U.S.)

11. Strategy ALLIED POWERS - Sea strategy (England takes lead) (Convoy system after U.S. gets involved) - Air Fighting (dog fights) - Propaganda - Attrition - Trench Warfare

12. Trench Warfare

13. Strategy CENTRAL POWERS - Quickly wipe out France - One Front - Recruit Mexico - Keep U.S. neutral - U-boats (oops)

14. Important/Turning Point Battles – supposed to be quick

15. First Battle of the Marne (1914) Germany tries to take Paris, but fails Germany tries to take Paris, but fails Possibly most important battle of war Possibly most important battle of war Trench warfare sets in Trench warfare sets in

16. Battle of the Somme (1916) Germans advance 4 miles Germans advance 4 miles English advance 5 miles English advance 5 miles 20,000 British killed in 1 day 20,000 British killed in 1 day Over 1 ½ million casualties in 3 months Over 1 ½ million casualties in 3 months