H EALTH DMA Please take out a piece of paper and complete the following: 1. Write down the vocabulary word and definition. 2. Choose ONE of these options and complete it. Draw a picture that illustrates/explains the vocabulary word. Rewrite the definition in your own words. Write a sentence that includes the term and the information from the definition. Plasma The fluid part of blood or milk. The juice that can be expressed from muscle.

T ODAY ’ S A GENDA DMA Contraception Intro Create chart Begin discussing

C ONTRACEPTION

T HINGS TO C ONSIDER … All methods of birth control are safer than pregnancy and childbirth. Abstinence is the safest, healthiest option. Using a condom plus another effective method gives double-protection against pregnancy and STDs There are benefits and disadvantages to all the methods.

T HINGS TO C ONSIDER … There is no “best method” for everyone. It’s important for a person to think about (learn, discuss, acquire) birth control before he/she needs it. In Washington state – you can get birth control free and without your parent’s consent. Intelligent, well-meaning people have very different views on contraception.

T HINGS TO C ONSIDER … Most people use birth control at some point in their lives: To prevent pregnancy To prevent STDs To help treat an unrelated health issue.

W AYS THAT C ONTRACEPTION W ORK Birth control methods work in 5 ways: Hormones prevent an ovary from releasing an egg A barrier blocks sperm A chemical kills sperm. A person’s behavior keep egg and sperm from meeting Other

B IRTH C ONTROL M ETHODS

P LEASE DRAW THIS TABLE … Name & How it Works Effectiveness (perfect) Effectiveness (typical) Cost

C ONTINUOUS A BSTINENCE How it works No sex No medical side effects / risks Effectiveness (if used perfectly) - 100% Effectiveness (typical success rate) - 100% Cost - $0

I MPLANT How it works Thin, flexible plastic implant about the size of a matchstick Inserted under the skin in the upper arm. Prevents ovulation Thickens cervix mucus. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 99% Cost – depends

I MPLANT

IUD (H ORMONAL / C OPPER ) How it works Small, T shaped device made of plastic Inserted through the cervix Thickens cervix mucus Copper – lasts for 12 years, Hormonal – lasts for 5 years. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 99% Cost - $

V ASECTOMY / S TERILIZATION How it works Considered permanent (can be reversed) Vas Deferens are blocked – sperm is kept out of semen. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 99% Cost - $350-$1000

S HOT How it works 1 shot every 3 month Prevents ovulation Thickens cervix mucus May alter the lining of the uterus. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 97% Cost - $30-$75

D EPO

P ILL How it works Taken orally every day (at the same time) Prevents ovaries from releasing eggs. Thickens cervix mucus. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 92% Cost - $15-$30 (a month)

B IRTH C ONTROL P ILLS

P ATCH How it works Thin patch that adheres to the skin – releases hormones. Change patch once a week Don’t wear a patch on the 4 th week of the month – then women has period. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 92% Cost - $30-$45 (a month)

P ATCH

R ING How it works Small, flexible plastic ring Inserted into the vagina once a week. Left out for the 4 th week – for menstruation. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 92% Cost - $30-$35 (a month)

R ING

T UBAL L IGATION How it works Permanent sterilization Close off the fallopian tubes. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 99% Cost - $1500-$6000

T UBAL L IGATION

L ACTATIONAL A MENORRHEA M ETHOD How it works Continuous breastfeeding that postpones ovulation. Inhibits the release of a hormone that is necessary for ovulation. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – unknown Cost - $0

M ALE C ONDOM How it works Thin, latex tube worn over the penis during sex. Collects semen before, during and after sex. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 98% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 85% Cost - $.50-$2.50

M ALE C ONDOM

W ITHDRAWAL How it works Penis is pulled out of the vagina before ejaculating (no sperm comes in contact with vagina). Extremely risky Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 96% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 73% Cost - $0

F EMALE C ONDOM How it works Polyurethane pouch with flexible rings at each end. Inserted into the vagina – closed end in first, open ring is over the entrance of the vagina. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 95% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 79% Cost - $2.50

F EMALE C ONDOM

D IAPHRAGM & S PERMICIDE How it works Shallow, dome shaped cup with a flexible rim. Fits in the vagina and covers the cervix. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 94% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 84% Cost - $15-$75

D IAPHRAGM & S PERMICIDE

F ERTILITY A WARENESS / “R HYTHM ” How it works Understand which days you are most likely to get pregnant. Health textbook – page 444 Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 91-99% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 75% Cost - $0

C ERVICAL C AP How it works Small, plastic cap that fits over the cervix. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 91% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 84% Cost - $15-$75

C ERVICAL C AP

S PONGE How it works Made from solid foam Contains spermicide – moistened in water before use. Inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix. Removed after sex using small ribbon/string. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) Never pregnant – 91%, has been pregnant – 80% Effectiveness (typical success rate) Never pregnant - 84%, has been pregnant – 68% Cost - $3

S PONGE

S PERMICIDES How it work Creams, jellies, foams…that are inserted into the vagina before sex. Chemical immobilizes the sperm. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 82% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 71% Cost - $4-$8 (for 20 uses)

S PERMACIDE

N O P ROTECTION How it works Effectiveness (if used perfectly) – 15% Effectiveness (typical success rate) – 15% Cost - $0

E MERGENCY C ONTRACEPTION (P LAN B) How it works May be used to supplement other forms of birth control Prevents fertilization – does not abort the baby. Effectiveness (if used perfectly) Effectiveness (typical success rate) If taken within 3 days of sex – 89% May be taken up to 5 days after sex. Cost - $10-$45

T WO T RUTHS AND O NE L IE

E MERGENCY C ONTRACEPTION (P LAN B) 1. Plan B must be taken within 72 hours (3 days) of unprotected sex. 2. Plan B is not the same as the abortion pill. 3. Plan B is now sold over-the-counter for men and women, 18 and over, in every state in the country.

E MERGENCY C ONTRACEPTION (P LAN B) 1. Studies show that EC makes women somewhat more likely to have unprotected sex. 2. Studies show that EC is less effective than most other types of birth control. 3. Studies show that EC is perfectly safe to use repeatedly.

S PONGE 1. The sponge is essentially a piece of foam filled with spermicide. 2. The sponge is one of the more effective methods of birth control 3. The sponge came back on the market in 2005 after a several year hiatus.

S UPPRESSING P ERIODS 1. It is a safe, medically-accepted practice to use some kinds of birth control to suppress menstruation. 2. If a woman uses birth control to skip periods, the lining of her uterus gets thicker and thicker. 3. To skip periods, the ring or some pill types are used continuously without the typical “week off”