1. Birth Control Methods

2. Abstinence
NOT participating in sexual activity of any kind – remember, STD’s can still be transmitted through Oral and Anal sex and skin to skin contact.
100% Effective against pregnancy
100% Effective against STD transmission

3. How Birth Control Methods Work?
Hormonal Methods – contain estrogen and/or progesterone.
Prevent ovulation (release of egg)
May also, thicken mucus around the cervix, making it difficult for sperm to pass through
May also, change lining of uterus, making it difficult for fertilizedegg to attach
All require a doctor visit and prescription
Some are costly
Need to be used correctly
Most are impacted by other medications – such as antibiotics

4. How Birth Control Methods Work?
Barrier Methods
Work by creating a physical barrier between sperm and egg cells so that fertilization cannot occur.

5. Hormonal Methods The Pill – taken daily
The Ring – must be changed every 3-4 weeks
The Patch – must be changed every 3-4 weeks
The Shot - Injection of Progestin that is given every 3 months by a doctor
Implant – surgically implanted into woman’s arm – lasts up to 3 years
IUD- (Intrauterine Device) doctor inserts into a woman's uterus. Stays in for up to 5 years

6. Male Barrier Method
A male condom is a thin sheath (usually made of latex,
a type of rubber) that is worn on the penis.
Works by keeping semen from entering the vagina.
The male condom is placed on a guy's penis when it becomes erect.
Condoms may break, be expired, not used correctly, not used regularly
Provides some protection against STD transmission
“safer” sex NOT safe sex-NOT 100%

7. Female Barrier Methods
Diaphram- Domed shaped rubber disk. Covers cervix so sperm can’t reach uterus.
Vaginal Sponge-A soft saucer-shaped sponge that blocks the cervix and absorbs semen-stays in 6-8 hours after intercourse
Cervical Cap-Soft rubber cap, fits snugly around the cervix. Used with spermicide. Protects for 48 hours.

8. Emergency Contraception
Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECP),
The Morning-After "Pill," (Plan B, Next Choice, Ella)
PREVENTS Ovulation OR DELAYS Ovulation
Used AFTER intercourse
Effective up to 5 days – but MOST effective when taken CLOSEST to intercourse.
In WA State – can purchase EC over the counter if over 17. If under 17 need a prescription to purchase.
IF FERTILIZATION HAS OCCURED – NOTHING HAPPENS. (EC gets confused with “Abortion Pill” which is a totally different medication)
No Protection against STD transmission

9. Withdrawal “pulling out”
Withdrawling the penis before ejaculation occurs inside of the vagina
No Protection against STD transmission
Not recommended as a form of birth control

10. Hormonal Methods vs Barrier Methos
.8-10 % failure rate in pregnancy prevention
No Protection against STD transmission
Barrier
12-29% failure rate in pregnancy prevention
Only condoms have been proven to reduce the risk of getting some STDs.

11. Consistent Abstinence None Yes "The Patch" 8 out of 100 No "The Pill"
Method of Birth Control
How Many Couples Using This Method Will Get Pregnant in a Year?
Can This Method Also Protect Against STDs?
Consistent Abstinence
None
Yes
"The Patch"
8 out of 100 No
"The Pill"
"The Ring"
“The Shot”
3 out of 100
IUD
Fewer than 1 out of 100
FemaleCondom
21 out of 100
Male Condom
18 out of 100
Diaphragm
16 out of 100
Emergency Contraception
1 to 2 out of 100
Spermicide
29 out of 100
Withdrawal ("Pulling Out")
27 out of 100
Not Using Any Birth Control
85 out of 100

14. Choosing a birth control method
How effective is it against pregnancy?
Does it provide any STD protection?
How easy a particular birth control method is to use?
Will you be embarrassed?
Are you comfortable with using this method?
What are the side effects?
How much will it cost costs?

15. A few more facts
34% of men and 10% of women have told lies in order to have sex.
68% of men and 59% of women have been involved with more than one person that their current partner does not know about.
It is estimated that 1 in 3 sexually active young people now have a Sexually Transmitted Infection
80% of people who have a STD experience no noticeable signs.