Where Are Migrants Distributed? MIGRATION

GLOBAL MIGRATION PATTERNS Net in-migration North America, Europe & Oceania Net out-migration Asia, Latin America, Africa The highest percentage of immigrants can be found in the Middle East Why do you think people would want to migrate to the Middle East?

Figure: 03-02 Title: Global migration patterns. Caption: The major flows of international migrants are from less developed countries to more developed countries, especially from Asia and Latin America to North America and from Asia to Europe.

Figure: 03-03 Title: Immigration by country. Caption: The United States has by far the largest number of immigrants–that is, permanent residents who were born in other countries. Other more developed countries, including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, also have relatively large numbers of immigrants.

US IMMIGRATION PATTERNS Colonial Immigration Primarily from England & Africa Nineteenth Century Immigration European migrants came to the US for economic opportunities Word of mouth encouraged other people to come from Europe

Figure: 03-04 Title: Migration to the United States by region of origin. Caption: Europeans comprised more than 90 percent of the immigrants to the United States during the nineteenth century, and even as recently as the early 1960s, still accounted for more than 50 percent. Latin America and Asia are now the dominant sources of immigrants to the United States.

US IMMIGRATION PATTERNS Recent Immigration Immigrants tend to come from less developed regions (i.e. Asia & Latin America) Immigration from Asia Nearly 2/3 of all Asian immigrants come from China, Philippines, India, Vietnam Immigration from Latin America Most immigrants come from Mexico, Dominican Republic, El Salvador

Figure: 03-05 Title: Migration to the United States from Asia. Caption: The largest numbers of Asians came from India, China, the Philippines, and Vietnam.

Figure: 03-06 Title: Migration to the United States from Latin America. Caption: Mexico has been the largest source of immigrants to the United States in recent decades. Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, and Peru are other Latin American countries that sent at least 10,000 immigrants annually to the United States during the 1990s.

IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION ON THE UNITED STATES Rapid population growth in Europe led to emigration Result of increased industrialization Diffusion of European culture Europeans frequently imposed their political wqill on exisiting population with little regard for their traditions Can you think of an instance in which this has happened? What impact can the diffusion of European culture have in an area?

UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES Undocumented immigrants are those who enter the country through unauthorized means They can obtain forged documents (i.e. birth certificates, social security cards) Immigration Reform & Control Act (1986) – gave amnesty to undocumented immigrants who could prove they had lived in the US from 1982-1987

Figure: 03-06-01UN Title: U.S.-Mexico border at Tijuana. Caption: Poorly constructed houses for low income people are built adjacent to the fence on the Mexican side (right), whereas the U.S. side (left) is uninhabited.

Figure: 03-07 Title: Destination of undocumented immigrants by U.S. states. Caption: California, Texas, and Florida are the leading destinations for undocumented immigrants.