Cohesion and Teamwork Wendy Boller, Sarah Mack, Robbie Wacker and Shelby Morose

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Cohesion  A dynamic process that is reflected in the tendency for a group to stick together and remain united in pursuit of its instrumental objectives and/or for the satisfaction of member affective needs.  The total field of forces which act on members to remain in the group.  jRCvUXI jRCvUXI

Cohesion cont. 2 Distinct Forces  Attractiveness of the Group-the individual’s desire for interpersonal interactions with other group members and a desire to be involved in the group’s activities.  Means Control-the benefits that a member can derive by being associated with the group.  ET4 ET4

Cohesion cont. Task Cohesion  Reflects the degree to which members of a group work together to achieve common goals. Social Cohesion  Reflects the degree to which members of a team like each other and enjoy one another’s company.  Meouw Meouw

Factors Affecting the Development of Team Cohesion  Environmental- normative forces holding a group together. Ex) athletes hold scholarships, having to play for a certain high school because of where you live, size of the group, level of competition.  Personal- the individual characteristics of group members. Ex) individual satisfaction, similarity in attitudes, aspirations, commitments, and expectations.  Leadership- the leadership style and behaviors that professionals exhibit and the relationships they establish with their groups. Ex) clear, consistent communication from captains regarding team goals, tasks, and roles, compatibility between the leader and group members.  Team- group task characteristics, group productivity norms, desire for group success, group roles, group position, and team stability. Ex) shared experiences, teams that are together for a long time.

Other Factors  Team Satisfaction  Conformity  Adherence  Social Support  Stability  Group Goals 

Negative Factors with Cohesion:  Social loafing-individuals within a group put forth less than 100% effort because of losses in motivation.  The Disease of me-self-centered individuals looking out for themselves, players not liking one another, and players not respecting one another. 

Strategies for Enhancing Cohesion  Exercise Settings  Enhance attendance rates  Team approach  Sport Settings  Mission  Assessment  Plan  Systematic Evaluation

Guidelines for Building Team Cohesion  Coaches and Leaders  Communicate Effectively  Explain individual roles in team success  Develop pride within subunits  Set challenging group goals  Encourage group identity  N-lY N-lY

Coaches and Leaders cont.  Avoid formation of social cliques  Avoid excessive turnover  Conduct periodic team meetings  Enhance team efficacy  Know the team climate  Get to know others

What Group Members Can Do  Get to know members of the group  Help group members whenever possible  Give group members positive reinforcement  Be responsible  Communicate honestly and openly with the coach and leader

Group members cont.  Resolve conflicts immediately  Give 100% effort

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