New American Diplomacy Vocab : sphere of influence, Boxer Rebellion, Great White Fleet
Rise of Roosevelt Due to his actions during the war with Spain, Roosevelt rises to Governor of NY & VP of the US. 1900 election McKinley wins reelection. 1901 McKinley is assassinated by an anarchist. Roosevelt becomes President.
Roosevelt Proponent of increasing American power in the world. Bielieved that the US “had a duty to shape the less civilized corners of the earth”.
American Diplomacy in Asia 1899 US – major power in Asia. USN third largest in the world. Nations primary interest in Asia was commerce. Chinese market was the target for American business.
Open Door Policy China was defeated by Japan in Japan was technologically better than China. Japan’s power worried Russia. Germany, France, Russia & GB demanded leaseholds in China. Leaseholds became a country’s sphere of influence (foreign nation controlled economic development).
Open Door Policy Open Door Policy allowed all countries to trade with China. Asked for open trade with all leasehold countries.
The Boxer Rebellion Secret Chinese organizations organized to get rid of foreign control. One group were the Boxers. Boxers wanted to get rid of foreigners and Christian converts. The Boxers attacked foreign embassies in Beijing. US Forces along with other forces put the rebellion down.
Boxer Rebellion Sec. of State Hay convinced the other European countries not to partition China. Result of the rebellion the US gained access to China’s trade in spices, tea and silk.
Russian-Japanese War Pres. Roosevelt brokered a peace treaty between the two countries. Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts. 1907 Pres. Roosevelt sent 16 warships of the USN to demonstrate US power. It was called “The Great White Fleet”.
The Panama Canal Most important acquistion during Roosevelt’s presidency was the Panama Canal Zone. Save time for both military & commercial shipping. 1901 GB & US sign the Hay –Pauncefote Treaty that gave the US exclusive right to build a canal through Central America. US bought the rights and property from a French company.
Panama Canal 1903 US offered Colombia $10 million & annual rent of $250,000. Colombia rejected the offer. The Panamanians revolted against the Colombians. Panama gained their independence and Roosevelt signed a treaty with them.
Roosevelt Corollary Big Stick Diplomacy. Was a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. The US would intervene in Latin America to maintain stability in the Western Hemisphere. 1 st applied to the Dominican Republic. The DR was behind on loan payments. Marines were sent to collect tariffs to make payments to the European countries.