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Entering a New Century Chapters 12, 13, & 14
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Imperialism
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America Looks Abroad Industrial Revolution generated a need for new markets Turn to imperialism policy of establishing colonies and empires Turned from idea of isolationism Separation from the politics of other countries
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A New Arena The Election of 1900 Democrat: William Jennings Bryan
Imperialism large issue Republican: William McKinley Avoided issue of imperialism McKinley wins easily Changed from isolationist to imperialist
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The Big Stick Roosevelt takes over
McKinley was shot by an anarchist Believed great power came with great responsibility “Speak softly and carry a big stick”
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The Panama Canal 1890s, US attempted to build a canal through Nicaragua Too costly Attempted to lease land from Colombia Colombia would not agree, Roosevelt helped Panama rebel Roosevelt defended his big stick policy He helped get the canal built faster Which would benefit all of society
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The Big Stick Venezuela Roosevelt Corollary
Venezuela owed money to Britain and Germany They set up a blockade until Venezuela paid Americans felt the need to defend the Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt pushed for arbitration Roosevelt Corollary US had right to intervene to stabilize Latin American countries Started idea of dollar diplomacy US gave money to in the form of loans to keep peace This corollary would first be used in the Dominican Republic, when the US stepped in to start collecting customs to pay Dominican debts to foreign countries Roosevelt also felt the need to use their power to help generate dollars in Latin America – said every diplomat is a salesman
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The Balance of Power in East Asia
China and the Open Door Europe was trying to control Chinese trade Open Door Policy – promote equal trade with China for all Boxer Rebellion Boxers – secret Chinese society to oust foreign control Boxers fought against Westerners Sec. of State Hay persuaded other countries to keep peace in China
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The Balance of Power in East Asia
Russo-Japanese War Clash over Korea in 1904 Roosevelt helped make peace Treaty of Portsmouth Ended Russo-Japanese War Altered balance of power Exemplifies Roosevelt’s ideas of using arbitration, not war Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for his efforts to end the diputes Before there was a fear of Russian expansion, now there was a fear of Japanese expansion
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