Chapter 23 Lesson 1

Objectives Describe the difference between drugs and medicines List the 4 classifications of medicines Define the different effects a drug can have on the body Recognize medicine misuse

Classification of Medicines Drugs: substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind Medicines: drugs that are used to treat or prevent disease or other conditions

Medicines 4 categories  Help prevent disease vaccines: a preparation introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response  contain antibodies – give long lasting protection Antitoxins: extracts of blood that contain antibodies, act more quickly than vaccines  Fight infections that cause disease Antibiotics: agents that destroy disease-causing microorganisms Antiviral & antifungals: suppress viruses; cure or suppress infections/fungi  Relieve pain analgesics: pain relievers (ibuprofen, morphine)  Help maintain or restore health & regulate body systems Allergy medicines Body-regulating medicines: diabetes, asthma, high blood pressure Antidepressant & antipsychotic medicine Cancer treatment medicines

Medicines and the Body Effects vary for every person Side Effects  Reactions to medicines other than the intended one Additive interaction  Medicines work together in a positive way Synergistic effect  Interaction of 2 or more medicines that results in a greater effect than when taken alone Antagonistic interaction  Effects of 1 medicine is canceled or reduced when taken with another

Medicines and the Body Other problems  Tolerance Condition in which the body becomes used to the effect of a medicine  Withdrawal Occurs when a person stops using a medicine on which they are dependent on

Medicine Safety Laws & policies for testing & approving new meds  Must meet FDA approval  FDA determines how meds are released to the public Prescription drugs Over-the-counter (OTC)

Medicine Safety Medicine Misuse  Giving a prescription to a person that it was no prescribed to  Taking too much or too little or taking it longer or shorter than prescribed  Discontinuing use without telling your doctor  Mixing medicines