Nutrition Mr. Giacobbe 9 th Grade Health

What is Nutrition? Definition-Nutrition is the process of a living being's ability to eat foods and use the components of those foods to fuel growth and development. Nutrition is important to understand so that we can make healthy food choices.

Nutrition We need good nutrition to be healthy. If we eat poorly, we are more likely to be sick and unhealthy.

What are in the foods we eat? Calories- are the units of heat that measure the energy used by the body and the energy that foods supply to the body. We need a minimum of 2000 calories to stay healthy. Nutrients- are the substances in your food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy.

The 6 Essential Nutrients There are 6 classes of “nutrients” that we must understand!!! Without them we CANNOT SURVIVE! Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water

Carbohydrates Are the starches and sugars present in food. Are the body’s preferred source of energy. We should get about 50-60% of our calories every day from Carbohydrates. There are 4 calories per gram of Carbohydrates.

Fats (Lipids) A fatty substance that does not dissolve in water. Fats provide more than twice the energy of carbohydrates or proteins. They have 9 calories per gram

Fats (cont.) 20-30% of our calories should come from fats. Fats are also used for insulation of the body, protection of the internal organs, and they help transport important vitamins through the blood stream. We want to stay away from saturated fats and trans fats.

Protein One of the body's nutrients that builds and repairs tissues. Protein is made of amino acids and can be categorized as complete and incomplete. One of the body's nutrients that builds and repairs tissues. Protein is made of amino acids and can be categorized as complete and incomplete.

Protein Cont. Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids, examples are: beef, chicken, fish, and eggs. Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids, examples are: beef, chicken, fish, and eggs. Incomplete proteins include vegetables, fruits, grains, seeds, and nuts. Incomplete proteins include vegetables, fruits, grains, seeds, and nuts. We should get about 10-20% of our calories from proteins.

Vitamins Vitamins are nutrients you must get from food because your body can't make them from scratch. They allow chemical reactions to take place inside your body. Only 13 compounds are considered vitamins.

Vitamins Cont. Vitamins A, D, E, and K, the four fat- soluble vitamins, tend to accumulate in the body. Vitamin C and the eight B vitamins dissolve in water, so excess amounts are excreted. Can you name some vitamins?

Minerals Are substances the body cannot manufacture but are needed for forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes. They help support the many complex chemical reactions inside our bodies. We need them on a cellular level. What are some of the minerals our bodies need?

Water Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. We need to drink water because water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs. Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. We need to drink water because water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.

Water Cont. How much water should we drink a day? Take half your body weight and drink that many ounces of water a day. Example: 120 pound person should drink 60 ounces of water everyday

Food Labels What do food labels tell us?

Food Labels Cont. Serving Size- How many or how much of that food equals the amounts on the food label. Nutrients- The amounts of total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, protein, and carbohydrates.

Food Guide Pyramid Old Pyramid New Pyramid

My Pyramid There are 6 sections Orange- Grains Serving Size- 5-7 ounces Green- Vegetables Serving Size- 2-3 Cups Red- Fruits Serving Size- 1/1/2-2 Cups

My Pyramid Cont. Yellow- Oils Serving Size- Use Sparingly Blue- Milk and Dairy Serving Size- 3 one cup servings Purple- Meats/Beans/Nuts Serving Size 5-6 ounces Daily Exercise- At least 30 minutes every day. Drink plenty of Water

My Pyramid Cont. Each pyramid is different for each person. As we go up the different sections, the more unhealthy the foods are for us. As we move down the different sections, the more healthy they are for us.

THE END!!!