1 World Map Individual countries

#1 The World in Spatial Terms Location Where is it? Why is it there? Two Types of Location Absolute Relative

Hudson Bend Middle School Lariat Trail Austin, TX Latitude: Longitude: N, 97W

Absolute Location Absolute = Exactly, Specific, Global Address What people need to tell exactly where they are. Specific Place – where are you specifically right now? Latitude and Longitude ( the global address ) Latitude Lines run East to West ……Measure N to S Longitude Lines run North to South ….Measure E to W

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Relative Location Where a place is, in relation to another place. Use words to describe North, South, East West Austin is NORTH of San Antonio. Texas is SOUTH of Arkansas.

# 2 Places & Regions Place = Features & Characteristics that give an area its OWN identity Physical Characteristics - Landforms, climate, plants, animals Human Characteristics – Language, Religion, Music, Politics, a way of life Region = A grouping of Places

Human Characteristics People Culture Language, Religion, Customs Buildings & Landmarks Cities

Austin, Texas Human Characteristics

Artic Circle 12 The Arctic Circle is an imaginary line that marks the latitude above which the sun does not set on the day of the summer solstice (usually 21 June) and does not rise on the day of the winter solstice (usually 21 December). North of this latitude, periods of continuous daylight or night last up to six months at the North Pole.

Antarctic Circle 13 Antarctic Circle, imaginary circle on the surface of the earth at 66 1/2°S latitude. It marks the southernmost point at which the sun can be seen at the winter solstice (about June 22) and the northernmost point of the southern polar regions at which the midnight sun is visiblesolsticemidnight sun Marguerite Bay

Tropic of Cancer & Capricorn 14 Three of the most significant imaginary lines running across the surface of the earth are the equator, the Tropic of Cancer, and the Tropic of Capricorn. While the equator is the longest line of latitude on the earth (the line where the earth is widest in an east-west direction), the tropics are based on the sun's position in relation to the earth at two points of the year. (about.com)latitude The sun is directly overhead at noon on the Tropic of Cancer on June 21 (the beginning of summer in the Northern Hemisphere and the beginning of winter in the Southern Hemisphere) The sun is directly overhead at noon on the Tropic of Capricorn on December 21 (the beginning of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and the beginning of summer in the Southern Hemisphere).

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Longitude The starting point for determining Longitude is the Prime Meridian 0 0. Does the earth have East and West Poles? Through an international agreement Greenwich, England was chosen as a place for all longitude lines to be measured. Two Equal Parts = East or West of the Prime Meridian Greenwich, England

Latitude The starting point for measuring Latitude is the Equator. The equator divides the earth into Two Equal Parts = North Latitude and the South Latitude What is 0 o (zero degrees)? North Pole the South Pole