1. Do First – write the definitions in your notebook
Latitude Lines
Imaginary lines running horizontally around the globe. Also called parallels, latitude lines run East to West, but measure how far North to South something is from the Equator
Longitude Lines
Imaginary lines, also called meridians, running vertically around the globe. The degrees of longitude run North to West, but measure how far East to West something is from the Prime Meridian
Hemisphere
A hemisphere is half the Earth's surface. The four hemispheres are the Northern and Southern hemispheres, divided by the equator (0° latitude), and the Eastern and Western hemispheres, divided by the prime meridian (0° longitude) and the International Date Line (180°).
Equator
Zero degrees latitude. The equator divides the globe into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
Prime meridian
Zero degrees longitude (0°). The Earth's time zones are measured from the prime meridian.
Tropic of Cancer
A line of latitude located at 23°5' north of the equator. It marks the northernmost point of the tropics.
Tropic of Capricorn
A line of latitude located at 23°5' south. It marks the southernmost point of the tropics.
Arctic Circle
A line of latitude located at 66°30' north, delineating the Northern Frigid Zone of the Earth.
Antarctic Circle
A line of latitude located at 66°30' south, delineating the Southern Frigid Zone of the Earth

2. Why is latitude and longitude important?
Geographers have created two sets of imaginary lines --LATITUDE and LONGITUDE– to make it possible to identify every location precisely on Earth’s surface!

3. Latitudes (The Belts of Earth)
Imaginary HOROZONTAL lines that run parallel across the Earth.
Referred to as Parallels
Lines of Latitude run east to west but measure how far North or South a location is from the Equator.
The Unit of Measurement is always the cardinal directions North or South

4. Latitude Reference Point: The Equator
An imaginary line that circles the globe halfway between the North and South Poles
It separates the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere
All other latitudes are identified by how far North or South of the Equator they are.

5. Latitude Reference Point: The Equator

6. Major Lines of Latitude
Tropic of Cancer
The parallel 23.5 degrees NORTH of the equator
Tropic of Capricorn
The parallel 23.5 degrees SOUTH of the equator

7. Longitudes (The Telephone Poles of the Earth)
Imaginary VERTICLE lines that run up and down the Earth.
Referred to as Meridians
Lines of Longitude run North to South but measure how far East or West a location is from the Prime Meridian.
The Unit of Measurement is always the cardinal directions East and West

8. Major Line of Longitude
Prime Meridian
Imaginary line drawn from the North Pole to the South Pole and divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemisphere

9. Hemispheres
Sections of the globe that are divided by the Equator or the Prime Meridian

10. Guided Practice