The Skeletal and muscular systems Unit B, Chapter 3, Lesson 1 The Skeletal and muscular systems

The Skeletal System Skull Clavicle Scapula Humerus Sternum Rib Cage Vertebrae Ulna Radius Femur Patella Fibula Tibia

The Skeletal System Made up of 206 bones. The bones of the face, skull, vertebral column and rib cage make up your body’s central framework for support. (Protects vital organs!) Functions: Supports you Allows you to move Protects vital organs Produces blood cells

Anatomy of a Bone The Inside of a Long Bone Parts of a Long Bone Spongy Bone Bone Marrow Compact Bone Periosteum http://kidshealth.org/misc/ movie/bodybasics/bone.ht ml

Support and Movement Which bones provide support and movement? Bones of the: Arms Legs Pelvis They work with muscles to help us move! http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_b asics/bones_muscles_joints.html

Important “Bone” Terms Cartilage: a strong flexible tissue on the ends of some bones It provides a cushion where bones come together. Ligaments: strong cords of tissue that connect the bones in your joints.

How do our bones move? Joint: a point at which two bones meet. Without joints, you could not move. Three main kinds of joints: Hinge Joint Ball and Socket Joint Fixed Joint

Joints Types of Joints Movements Locations Hinge Joint Allows back and forth movement. Elbow, Knees Fixed Joint No movement is allowed. Plates of the skull Ball-and-Socket Joint Allows a wide range of movements. Shoulder, Hip

Problems and Caring for the Skeletal System

Skeletal System Problems Scoliosis Photograph of someone with scoliosis. Causes: deformity of the spine win which the spine develops an S-shaped curve when viewed from behind. Can this affect you? Affects 2% of women and .5% of men in the general population

Skeletal System Problems Osteoporosis Osteoporosis Fact! A disease in which bones become thin and brittle. Who does this affect? 55% of people who are over the age of 55. Of the 10 million Americans who have this disease, 8 million are women and 2 million are men. (from http://www.nof.org/osteoporosis/diseasefacts.htm) About 85-90% of adult bone mass is acquired by age 18 in girls and 20 in boys. Building strong bones during childhood and adolescence can help to prevent osteoporosis later in life. (from http://www.nof.org/osteop orosis/diseasefacts.htm)

Skeletal System Problems Sprain What happens when you sprain your ankle? Stretching or partial tearing of ligaments. Can be painful and cause swelling around the injured joint. http://yucky.discovery.com /flash/body/yuckystuff/ankl esprain/js.index.html

Caring for your Skeletal System Exercise regularly using weights, walking, running, jumping rope, dancing, hiking, soccer, or basketball (just to name a few activities!). Wear proper fitting shoes. Select foods and beverages rich in calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. Sit, stand, and walk with correct posture. Participate in screenings for scoliosis.