2. Skeletal System

3. The Basics

4. Skeletal System The Basics –provides support and shape to the body

5. Skeletal System The Basics –provides support and shape to the body –protects delicate internal organs

6. Skeletal System The Basics –provides support and shape to the body –protects delicate internal organs –acts as a system of levers on which muscles act to produce movement

7. Skeletal System The Basics –provides support and shape to the body –protects delicate internal organs –acts as a system of levers on which muscles act to produce movement –stores minerals

8. Skeletal System The Basics –provides support and shape to the body –protects delicate internal organs –acts as a system of levers on which muscles act to produce movement –stores minerals –site of blood cell formation

9. Skeletal System The Basics –provides support and shape to the body –protects delicate internal organs –acts as a system of levers on which muscles act to produce movement –stores minerals –site of blood cell formation

10. The Structure of Bone

11. Periosteum - a tough membrane that covers the bone

12. The Structure of Bone Periosteum - a tough membrane that covers the bone Compact bone - dense bone tissue similar to ivory

13. The Structure of Bone Periosteum - a tough membrane that covers the bone Compact bone - dense bone tissue similar to ivory Spongy bone - adds strength to bones without adding mass

14. The Structure of Bone Periosteum - a tough membrane that covers the bone Compact bone - dense bone tissue similar to ivory Spongy bone - adds strength to bones without adding mass Marrow in center

15. The Structure of Bone Periosteum - a tough membrane that covers the bone Compact bone - dense bone tissue similar to ivory Spongy bone - adds strength to bones without adding mass

16. How are bones formed?

17. Bones are made of living tissue - osteocytes

18. How are bones formed? Bones are made of living tissue - osteocytes Ossification - process of osteocytes adding calcium to cartilage

19. How are bones formed? Bones are made of living tissue - osteocytes Ossification - process of osteocytes adding calcium to cartilage Osteocytes can either add or remove calcium salts

20. How are bones formed? Bones are made of living tissue - osteocytes Ossification - process of osteocytes adding calcium to cartilage Osteocytes can either add or remove calcium salts

21. How bones grow!

22. Long bones (like those of arms & legs) - have growth plates at either end

23. How bones grow! Long bones (like those of arms & legs) - have growth plates at either end The cartilage in the growth plates cause bones to lengthen

24. How bones grow! Long bones (like those of arms & legs) - have growth plates at either end The cartilage in the growth plates cause bones to lengthen Cartilage is then ossified becoming bone

25. How bones grow! Long bones (like those of arms & legs) - have growth plates at either end The cartilage in the growth plates cause bones to lengthen Cartilage is then ossified becoming bone

26. How bones grow! Long bones (like those of arms & legs) - have growth plates at either end The cartilage in the growth plates cause bones to lengthen Cartilage is then ossified becoming bone

27. Keeping Bone Tissue Healthy

28. Haversian canals are tubes through bone tissue.

29. Keeping Bone Tissue Healthy Haversian canals are tubes through bone tissue. Blood vessels and nervous tissue are found in the Haversian canals

30. Keeping Bone Tissue Healthy Haversian canals are tubes through bone tissue. Blood vessels and nervous tissue are found in the Haversian canals Osteocytes are nourished by these blood vessels

31. Keeping Bone Tissue Healthy Haversian canals (osteons) are tubes through bone tissue. Blood vessels and nervous tissue are found in the Haversian canals Osteocytes are nourished by these blood vessels

32. Connecting Bones Together

33. While bone is strong structurally it is a soft material that wears easily

34. Connecting Bones Together While bone is strong structurally it is a soft material that wears easily Cartilage at ends of bone prevent bone on bone wear

35. Connecting Bones Together While bone is strong structurally it is a soft material that wears easily Cartilage at ends of bone prevent bone on bone wear Ligaments hold bones together

36. Connecting Bones Together While bone is strong structurally it is a soft material that wears easily Cartilage at ends of bone prevent bone on bone wear Ligaments hold bones together

37. Different types of joints.

38. Fixed joints - found in skull do not allow movement. These are also called suture joints because of their jagged appearance

39. Different types of joints. Fixed joints - found in skull do not allow movement. These are also called suture joints because of their jagged appearance

40. Different types of joints. Hinged joints - like those found in the knee provide movement similar to a door hinge

41. Different types of joints. Hinged joints - like those found in the knee provide movement similar to a door hinge

42. Different types of joints. Hinged joints - like those found in the knee provide movement similar to a door hinge

43. Different types of joints. Ball and socket joints - like those found in the shoulder and hips allow for movement in all directions

44. Different types of joints. Ball and socket joints - like those found in the shoulder and hips allow for movement in all directions

45. Different types of joints. Ball and socket joints - like those found in the shoulder and hips allow for movement in all directions

46. Different types of joints. Ball and socket joints - like those found in the shoulder and hips allow for movement in all directions

47. Different types of joints. Saddle or Gliding joints - like those found in the back allow small movements between bones

48. Different types of joints. Saddle or Gliding joints - like those found in the back allow small movements between bones

49. Different types of joints. Saddle or Gliding joints - like those found in the back allow small movements between bones

50. Different types of joints. Saddle or Gliding joints - like those found in the back allow small movements between bones

51. Different types of joints. Pivot joints - like the one found at the elbow end of the radius arm bone allow rotational movement

52. Different types of joints. Pivot joints - like the one found at the elbow end of the radius arm bone allow rotational movement

53. Different types of joints. Pivot joints - like the one found at the elbow end of the radius arm bone allow rotational movement

54. Different types of joints. Fixed Hinged Ball and Socket Saddle or Gliding Pivot

55. How many bones do you have?

56. Human adults have 206 bones

57. How many bones do you have? Human adults have 206 bones Human infants have more bones, 275 at birth

58. How many bones do you have? Human adults have 206 bones Human infants have more bones, 275 at birth As infants age some of their bones fuse together forming the 206 bones of an adult

59. How many bones do you have? Human adults have 206 bones Human infants have more bones, 275 at birth As infants age some of their bones fuse together forming the 206 bones of an adult

60. How strong are bones?

61. Bone has the strength of steel with only one fifth the weight

62. How strong are bones? Bone has the strength of steel with only one fifth the weight But bones do break

63. How strong are bones? Bone has the strength of steel with only one fifth the weight But bones do break

64. How strong are bones? Bone has the strength of steel with only one fifth the weight And your skeleton shape can be changed

65. The parts of the skeleton

66. The axial skeleton

67. The parts of the skeleton The axial skeleton

68. The parts of the skeleton The axial skeleton –includes: –1-- skull cranium 8 bones

69. The parts of the skeleton The axial skeleton –includes: –1-- skull cranium 8 bones face 14 bones

70. The parts of the skeleton The axial skeleton –includes: –1-- skull cranium 8 bones face 14 bones hyoid 1 bone ears 6 bones

71. The parts of the skeleton The axial skeleton –includes: –2 -- Vertebral Column spine 24 bones sacrum 1 bone coccyx 1 bone

72. The parts of the skeleton The axial skeleton –includes: –3 -- Thorax ribs 24 bones sternum 1 bone

73. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton

74. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –this is the system of bones that include the limbs and the bones that attach them to the axial skeleton

75. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle 2 scapula, right and left 2 clavicle, right and left

76. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs –2 humerus –2 ulna –2 radius –16 carpals –10 metacarpals –28 phalanges

77. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs –2 humerus –2 ulna –2 radius –16 carpals –10 metacarpals –28 phalanges

78. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs –2 humerus –2 ulna –2 radius –16 carpals –10 metacarpals –28 phalanges

79. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs pelvic girdle 2 bones

80. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs pelvic girdle 2 bones lower limbs

81. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs pelvic girdle 2 bones lower limbs –femur 2 bones

82. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs pelvic girdle 2 bones lower limbs –femur 2 bones –patella 2 bones »(knee)

83. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs pelvic girdle 2 bones lower limbs –femur 2 bones –patella 2 bones –lower leg »tibia 2 bones »fibula 2 bones

84. The parts of the skeleton The appendicular skeleton –Includes: pectoral girdle upper limbs pelvic girdle 2 bones lower limbs –femur 2 bones –patella 2 bones –lower leg –ankle/foot »tarsals 14 bones »metatarsals 10 »phalanges 28 bones