1. No Bones About It
Robert C Fisler Elemtary Science Olympiad 5th Grade Event March 16th, 2019

2. Rules
A team of two 5th grade students will be asked to identify bones (Human and Animal) at stations throughout the room.
You will also be asked to answer questions about those bones
May include questions on
Orientation
Articulation
Number of this type of bone found in the human Body
Function of the bone
Type of Joint
Range of Motion
Etc

3. Rules Continued There will be 25 stations with 2 questions per station
Each Question is worth 2 points for a total of 100 Points
Students will have 30 seconds per station
For identification questions only the scientific name will be accepted.
Spelling will be used as a Tiebreaker

4. The Skeletal System

5. Organ system that supports and protects the body and allows it to move
Support – bones provide support for your body and make it possible to sit or stand upright
Protection – bones provide protection to organs – for example: ribs protect the heart and lungs
Storage – outer layer of bone – compact bone – stores minerals like calcium
Blood cell production – in the center of flat bones is soft tissue called marrow - red marrow makes blood cells
Movement – bones provide a place for muscles to attach – muscles pull on bones to make movement

6. Bones, ligaments and cartilage make up your skeletal system
Skeletal system is divided into two parts –
axial skeleton – skull, vertebrae and ribs
appendicular skeleton - arms, legs,
shoulders and pelvis
Bones – have blood vessels to supply nutrients and nerves to feel pain
Newborn babies have about 300 bones - the average adult has 206 bones

7. Bones are hard organs made of minerals and connective tissue
Compact bone – a kind of bone tissue that is dense and has no visible open spaces – makes bones rigid and hard
Spongy bone – a kind of bone tissue has many open spaces – provides most of the strength and support for the bone
Calcium is the most plentiful mineral in bones – minerals are deposited by bone cells called osteoblasts

8. Connective tissue in bones is made mostly of collagen
Collagen allows bones to be flexible enough to withstand knocks and bumps
Marrow – soft tissue inside bones
Two types of marrow:
red marrow is where red and white blood cells are produced – found in flat bones like the ribs
yellow marrow is found in the center of long bones like the femur and stores fat

9. The place where two or more bones connect is called a joint
Some joints allow for movement – moveable joints and others stop or limit movement – fixed joints (found in the skull)
Bones are connected to each other at joints by ligaments
Cartilage helps cushion the area in a joint where bones meet
Ball and socket joint – shoulders and hips – allows one bone to rotate in a large circle
Gliding joint – allow flexibility in a lot of direction – wrists and ankles
Hinge joint – allows bones to move back and forth – knees and elbows

10. Sample Questions Identify this bone What is the location of this bone
TIBIA
What is the location of this bone
Right Lower Leg

11. Sample Questions Identify this Bone What is the Function of this bone?
MANDIBLE
What is the Function of this bone?
Its movement chews and grinds food

12. Sample Questions Identify this bone
SCAPULA
How Many of these bones are in the human body?
Two

13. Sample Question Name the bone that is colored red on this picture
HUMERUS
What type of joint does it form with the green bones
Hinge Joint

14. Sample Question Identify this bone
FIBULA
True or False This bone helps support a significant amount of your bodies total weight
False

15. Sample Question Identify this bone colored red What is its function?
STERNUM
What is its function?
It forms the front of the rib cage and Protects the Heart, Lungs, and major Bloode Vessels