Richard E. Mayer

Jessica Martin Fall 2013

 Segmenting  Pre-training  Modality

 Multi-media message is presented in learner-paced segments.  View a quick video on the segmenting principle from the link below: › YouTubeVideo: Segmenting Principle YouTubeVideo: Segmenting Principle

 Allow learner to control pace of presentation.  Continue button

 Learner knows the names and characteristics of the main concepts

 Mayer, Mathias, and Wetzell (2012) › Two-stage learning process  Component Model  Casual Model

 Multimedia message uses spoken words rather than printed words

 Preliminary evidence supports all 3 theories.  “Further research work is also needed to better understand the condition under which each of the principles is most effective”

Richard E.Mayer

 Coherence  Signaling  Redundancy  Spatial Contiguity  Temporal Contiguity

 Extraneous material excluded

 Cues are added to highlight essential material

 Corresponding words and pictures are presented close together.

 Corresponding narration and animation are presented simultaneously.

“The designer should take learner characteristics into account and be aware that well-designed multimedia instruction may be most effective for low-experience learners and high-spatial learners.”

Richard E. Mayer

 Personalization  Voice  Image

“Social cues may prime social responses in learners that lead to Deeper cognitive processing during learning hence better test Performance.”

 Words presented in conversational style rather than formal style › “I” and “you”

 Standard-accented human voice instead of machine or foreign-accented voice.

 Speaker’s image in on the screen rather than off screen