1. Meaningful Design & Meaningful Learning Paul Akerlund ESL Adult
Usage of Media and Design
Components of Meaningful
LEARNING

2. Agenda Instructional Analysis Human-Interface Design Issues
Draft documents
Team work
Individual work
Human-Interface Design Issues
Apple – multimedia activity
Heuristic Evaluation
Model sites from Discussion Board
System Specifications
Visual Map
Design Notebook
Homework

3. Uses of MM
How can we help learners understand a concept with a multimedia explanation?

4. What is MM?

5. Two Approaches - Technology Centered Learner-Centered Approach
Information acquisition
Goal: Adding information
Learner: Passive information receiver
Module: Information provider
Learner-Centered Approach
Knowledge construction
Goal: Aiding cognition
Learner: Active sense-maker
Module: Cognitive guide

6. Cognitive Theory of MM Three Assumptions
Two channels of input: visual + auditory
Limited working memory needed - cognitive load
Active learning
Select relevant information/module
Organize information
Integrate information

8. Role of Modality in Verbal Info
Two groups of students presented MM
Group AN: animation+narration
Group AT: animation+text

9. Split-Attention Effect

10. Split-Attention Principle
Students learn better when the instructional material does not require them to split their attention between multiple sources of mutually referring information

11. Modality Principle
Students learn better when the verbal information is presented auditorily as speech rather than visually as onscreen text both for simultaneous and sequential presentations.

12. Spatial Contiguity Principle
Students learn better when on-screen text and visuals are physically integrated rather than separate.

13. Temporal Contiguity Principle
Students learn better when verbal and visual materials are temporarily synchronized rather than separated in time.

14. Auditory Working Memory
Would adding bells and whistles (background music, blinking animations) improve the quality of a multimedia message?

15. Coherence Principle
When presenting using MM, only include complimentary stimuli that are relevant to the content of the lesson.

16. Recap of MM Principles Attention - don’t divide the focus
Mode of input - use audio rather than text with visuals
Spatial - integrate text and visuals together
Time - synchronize voice and visual
Auditory memory - don’t distract with extraneous auditory stimuli
Coherence - don’t distract with irrelevant stimuli (blinking, flashing, animation)

17. System Specifications Exercise
Here is your template
Creating a visual map
Using your Design Notebook

18. What are the possible tools?
Brainstorming