Theories of Sociology “the brain of it all”.

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Presentation transcript:

Theories of Sociology “the brain of it all”

3 Perspectives of Sociology - Conflict Perspective - Functionalist Perspective - Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

Conflict Perspective Focus on the forces in society that promote competition and change View social life as a competing power struggle among competing social groups Karl Marx – groups in society are engaged in a continuous power struggle for control of scarce resources Haves vs. Have nots A few power elite make all the choices….?

Conflict Theory Conflict may occur over differences in values & interests Conflict may range from hostility, tension, competition, and rivalry to outright violence Conflict with outside forces binds group members together Conflict over issues may lead to positive social change

Functionalist Perspective View society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system Survive on consensus – meaning most people agree on what is good for society, and then work together to ensure that the social system runs smoothly. Founders – Comte, Spencer

Applications – What are the functions of….. Types of Functions: Manifest Function – Intended and recognized Latent Function – Unintended & recognized Applications – What are the functions of…..

What is the function of Higher School? MANIFEST FUNCTION (intended) Transmission of culture Facilitating class / racial / ethnic integration Creates a informed citizenry Produce cognitive skills Screening, sorting, selecting talent Developing new knowledge

What is the function of Higher School? LATENT FUNCTION (unintended) Delaying entry into the workplace Babysitting so parents can work Teaching discipline & obedience Reproduction of social class

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Interactionist SYMBOLIC Focuses on how individuals interact with one another in Society, and the shared meanings they place on their own actions and the actions of others. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION!! Primary groups are the most impactful (family, peer group, school mates, coworkers) Bottom line – life wouldn’t make sense

Symbols in everyday life Without symbols – there would be no aunts, dads, employers, teachers, or even brothers or sisters. Symbols define what our relationships are. Behavior – different among parents, peers, boyfriend / girlfriend?

How does this symbol change your mind? Simple Symbols Scenario: Suppose that you are head over heels in love with someone and are going to marry this person tomorrow. The night before your wedding, your mother confides in you that she had a child before she married, and gave it up for adoption. She then tells you that she has just discovered that the person you are going to marry is this child. How does this symbol change your mind?

Interactionist Perspective contd. Use of Symbols – Physical Objects, gestures, words, and events. Examples?

Symbols United States

Symbols with cross cultural meanings Example: Meaning?