1. Theories of Sociology
“the brain of it all”

2. Objectives: At the end of this unit students will be able to:
Identify and explain the three major sociological theories as well as all important vocabulary associated with those theories. (social darwinism, function, dysfunctional, manifest function, latent function, symbol)
Identify sociology as a social science as well as be able to explain how it applies to as well as is different from other social sciences.
Explain what the sociological imagination is as well as its impact our their lives today.

3. 3 Perspectives of Sociology
- Conflict Perspective
- Functionalist Perspective
- Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

4. Conflict Perspective
Focus on the forces in society that promote competition and change
View social life as a competing power struggle among competing social groups
Karl Marx – groups in society are engaged in a continuous power struggle for control of scarce resources
Haves vs. Have nots
A few power elite make all the choices….?

5. Conflict Theory
Conflict may occur over differences in values & interests
Conflict may range from hostility, tension, competition, and rivalry to outright violence
Conflict with outside forces binds group members together
Conflict over issues may lead to positive social change

6. Functionalist Perspective
View society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system
Survive on consensus – meaning most people agree on what is good for society, and then work together to ensure that the social system runs smoothly.
Founders – Comte, Spencer

7. Structure & Function
HUMAN BODY
EXAMPLE
Normal vs. Abnormal

8. Applications – What are the functions of…..
Types of Functions:
Manifest Function –
Intended and recognized
Latent Function –
Unintended & recognized
Applications – What are the functions of…..

9. Interactionist SYMBOLIC
Focuses on how individuals interact with one another in Society, and the shared meanings they place on their own actions and the actions of others.
MEANS OF COMMUNICATION!!
Primary groups are the most impactful
(family, peer group, school mates, coworkers)
Bottom line – life wouldn’t make sense

10. Symbols in everyday life
Without symbols – there would be no aunts, dads, employers, teachers, or even brothers or sisters.
Symbols define what our relationships are.
Behavior – different among parents, peers, boyfriend / girlfriend?

11. Interactionist Perspective contd.
Use of Symbols –
Physical Objects, gestures, words, and events.
Examples?