Facing a National Problem

F.O.A. (Bellwork) What message do you get from this photo?

F.O.A. (Bellwork)

Today Finish Reader’s Theater Assignments Notes

Today Educationportal.com video on Missouri Compromise

What’s happening here?

Reader’s Theater Read the play While you do that, I’ll assign parts.

Assignment Should the slaves be convicted or set free? Defend your answer with a one- paragraph answer.

Questions What’s a free state? What’s a slave state?

New Compromises Henry Clay –Worked hard to settle differences dividing the nation. –Congressman from Kentucky –Free state: didn’t want slavery. –Slave state: wanted slavery –Everything was EVEN until Missouri became a state.

The Missouri Compromise Asked to join the U.S. as a slave state This would make more slave states than free. Missouri would join as a slave state AND Maine would join as a free state. Imaginary line would be drawn through the rest of the Louisiana territory

Solutions to the Problem North of the line = Free States South of the line = Slave states

Results of the Missouri Compromise of 1820 Kept the peace for nearly 30 years Six new states joined the Union – 3 slave and 3 free….still equal in number AND THEN along came… California

The Compromise of 1850 Henry Clay to the rescue AGAIN California = Free New Mexico and Utah territories= people would decide

Assignment Make a key and color all known states and territories like you see on page 304 for a map. Draw boundaries for the known states and territories, as well as the unknown territories. Label the states. If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on the Missouri Compromise.

Fugitive Slave Law A new law that said: –Anyone caught helping slaves escape would be punished. –If you found a runaway slave, you had to return them to their owner.

Hopes for Peace Fade Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) Gave people living there the choice by voting Hundreds moved in to “vote” on whether to be a free or slave state. Tempers FLARED and over 200 people were killed in the dispute Nicknamed “ Bleeding Kansas”

F.O.A. (Bellwork) What is this saying?

EQs What role did slavery play in the United States? (8.5 spi 8) What were some of the consequences of expansion? (8.5 spi 13) What were some of the causes of the civil war? (8.5 spi 4)

Today Video on Dred Scott Notes Assignment

Dred Scott Case Supreme Court ruled that once a slave, living in a free state, didn’t change that. Said Scott had “none of the rights and privileges” of American citizens Also said Congress had no right to outlaw slavery because the Constitution protects people’s right to own PROPERTY and slaves were PROPERTY!!!

Abraham Lincoln works for Change Violence because of the Kansas-Nebraska act got everyone’s attention Abraham Lincoln was against the SPREAD of slavery Republican Party formed to fight the spread of slavery. Lincoln ran for Senator Stephen A. Douglas, author of the Kansas- Nebraska Act, was his OPPONENT! The battle is ON………

The Lincoln-Douglas Debates Abraham Lincoln Tall, thin man from the frontier Wore plain dark clothes Not well known Stephen Douglas Heavy and a foot shorter than Lincoln Well educated Wore fine clothes Senator Well known Both were powerful public speakers

Douglas Each new state should decide the slavery question for itself.

Lincoln “The framers of the Constitution intended slavery to end.” The problem is that slavery is WRONG!

Senate Winner Stephen Douglas was re-elected to the Senate. But….now everyone knew who Abraham Lincoln was!!! Douglas Wins!

Assignment Make a key and color all known states and territories like you see on page 304 for a map. Draw boundaries for the known states and territories, as well as the unknown territories. Label the states. If you finish, draw an editorial cartoon on the Missouri Compromise

Lesson 4 A Time for Hard DECISIONS

F.O.A. (Bellwork)

Essential Questions What were some of the consequences of expansion? (8.5 spi 13) What were some of the causes of the Civil War? (8.5 spi 4)

Today Crash course video over 1860 Notes over pre-Civil War Mental map

Announcement Benchmark will be on Friday. It’ll cover the pre-Civil War stuff. Study pages Focus on John Brown, Election of 1860, Compromise of 1850

What is this?

The Election of 1860 The Election of 1860 Democratic Party candidate: Douglas Democratic Party south: Breckinridge Republican Party: LINCOLN

Stephen A. Douglas West should decide for themselves about slavery.

John Breckinridge Democratic candidate popular with Southerners Government should allow slavery everywhere in the West.

Abraham Lincoln Republican candidate Against the SPREAD of slavery Promised not to stop slavery in the South where it was already practiced. Said he hoped it would one day END there, too.

Worried White Southerners Many in the South were afraid if Lincoln were elected, slavery would be outlawed. Some even said they would LEAVE the Union if Lincoln was elected.

Lincoln Elected President November 6, 1860 December 20, 1860 South Carolina’s leaders seceded from the Union. Later SIX other southern states seceded: –Mississippi –Florida –Alabama –Georgia –Louisiana –Texas

John Brown’s Rebellion John Brown’s rebellion at Harper’s Ferry –A white abolitionist –Stole guns from Harper’s Ferry warehouse to give to slaves –Caught, tried, and hanged –Southern states thought they were no longer safe from the abolitionist North

The Confederate States of America South Carolina Mississippi Florida Louisiana Alabama Georgia Texas

F.O.A. (Bellwork) Who was Frederick Douglass? What was John Brown’s Rebellion? What was the Compromise of 1850? What was the result of the election of 1860? Did the North’s reaction to John Brown’s raid anger and shock Southern slaves? Did Northerners support John Brown? Did Stephen Douglas take a stand against slavery?

Essential Questions What role did slavery play in the United States? (8.5 spi 8) What is Civil War? 8.5

Today BrainPop over causes of Civil War Mental maps Benchmark Go over benchmark answers

Mental map

Mental map – pick one Dred Scott John Brown Compromise of 1850 Election of 1860 Use pages 479,

Mental map Step one – topic in the middle Step two – Subdivisions or subheading for the topic. Make each one just one or two words. You need at least three subheadings for your topic. Step three – Links to the subheads. You need at least three links to the subhead.

Mental map Draw a picture for your title first Draw one picture for your subhead. Draw a picture for each link to the subhead.

Fort Sumter Some advised Lincoln to “Let the states go” Others said, “Give in on the slavery question.” Still others said, “Use the ARMY to end their revolt!”

Lincoln’s Choices He wanted to prevent war. “We are not enemies, but friends.” THE VERY NEXT DAY THE VERY NEXT DAY An important message came from Major Robert Anderson commander at Fort Sumter:

Urgent! Message from Commander Anderson Supplies at the Fort are almost gone. If new supplies are not sent soon, we will be forced to surrender the fort to the Confederacy.

What to Do??? If I send supplies…Southerners might attack. If I send troops….Southerners WILL attack. If I do nothing…the commander will have to surrender.

Decision Lincoln decided to send supply ships And see what the Southerners would do

Confederate President Davis Davis decided to take over the fort BEFORE the supply ships arrived. Demanded them to surrender. NEVER! The Confederate troops FIRED on the fort, Major Anderson and his men ran out of ammunition and had to give up.

The Civil War has Begun! Lincoln called for Americans to join the army to stop the rebellion. Frightened southern states not in the Confederacy now joined with the other 7 states. Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina 11 States Strong

North vs. South

Comparing Sides NORTH -Larger population (22,000,000) -More railroads, canals, and roads -Superior industry -Great navy -Financial stability & banking SOUTH -Better generals -Most of the fighting happened in the South

North’s Strategy Blockade southern ports & gain control of the MS River; divide the South in half

South’s Strategy “Cotton Diplomacy” – –Get Great Britain to help because it needed cotton; didn’t work

Course of the War Battle of Bull Run/Manassas – –Confederate Generals “Stonewall” Jackson & Robert E. Lee; Union General George McClellan

Antietam (Sep. 17, 1862) After Bull Run, Lee thought it was time to invade the North – –Met Union forces at Antietam Creek in MD – –Bloodiest single day in American history

“BROTHER VS. BROTHER”

After winning at Antietam, the North goes on the attack in TN – –Northern General Ulysses S. Grant – –Battle of Shiloh

A Tennessean David Farragut – –Admiral in the Union Navy; defeated the Confederates at New Orleans and Vicksburg, MS

Lincoln Has Something To Say Emancipation Proclamation – –September 22, 1862 – –Freed all the slaves forever; many African-Americans begin enlisting to fight for the Union

The Beginning of the End Battle of Gettysburg – –Confederacy sustains heavy casualties – –Lee retreats; Union General Meade does not follow him; upsets Lincoln

Sherman’s March to the Sea Union General William Tecumseh Sherman led his force of 100,000 from TN to Savannah, GA – –“Total War” – destroying EVERYTHING!

Surrender April 9, 1865 – General Lee surrenders to General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse

Effects of the War Slavery is over Over 620,000 Americans are dead Martial law is declared in some areas The once powerful Southern economy is in absolute ruins