1. Key Events and Issues Leading to the Civil War
Background to the Conflict
Pre-Civil War Days

2. Slavery Issue
Slavery
Settlers from the South who moved west took their slaves
Settlers from the North didn’t own slaves and thought slavery was wrong
WHO would WIN? Would there be slavery in the new territories or NOT ???

3. New Compromises Henry Clay
Worked hard to settle differences dividing the nation
Congressman from Kentucky
Free state: didn’t want slavery
Slave state: wanted slavery
Everything was EVEN until Missouri became a state

4. The Missouri Compromise
Asked to join the U.S. as a slave state
This would make more slave states than free
Missouri would join as a slave state AND Maine would join as a free state
Imaginary line would be drawn through the rest of the Louisiana territory

5. Solutions to the Problem
North of the line = Free States
South of the line = Slave states

6. Results of the Missouri Compromise of 1820
Kept the peace for nearly 30 years
Six new states joined the Union – 3 slave and 3 free…. still equal in number
AND THEN along came… California

7. Compromise of 1850
California was allowed to be admitted as a free state and slave trade was outlawed in Washington D.C.
However it was agreed that all other territories in the Mexican Session would be able to “vote” on whether they would be slave or free
Voting on the issue is called “Popular Sovereignty”

8. Hopes for Peace Fade Kansas-Nebraska Act
Gave people living there the choice by voting on whether the state should be free or slave
Hundreds who felt strongly (for or against slavery) moved in to “vote”
Tempers FLARED and over 200 people were killed in the dispute
Nicknamed “ Bleeding Kansas”

9. Dred Scott Case Dred Scott sued his master for his freedom
Supreme Court ruled that once a slave, living in a free state, didn’t change that
Said Scott had “none of the rights and privileges” of American citizens
Also said Congress had no right to outlaw slavery because the Constitution protects people’s right to own PROPERTY and slaves were PROPERTY ! ! !

10. Annexation of Texas It wanted to be admitted as a slave state
Northerners felt it should be admitted as a free state
Southerners felt it should be admitted as a slave state
It took 9 years before Texas was finally admitted to the Union as a slave state

11. Disagreements Continue!
States’ Rights
South felt each state should have the right to decide if they were free or not
South feared the Federal Government was getting too strong and wanted the states to have more rights like it was under the Articles of Confederation ! ! !
North wanted a stronger National Government and recognized the authority of the government

12. Lincoln works for Change
Violence because of the Kansas-Nebraska act got everyone’s attention
Abraham Lincoln was against the SPREAD of slavery
Republican Party formed to fight the spread of slavery
Lincoln ran for Senator
Stephen A. Douglas, author of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, was his OPPONENT! The battle is ON . . .

13. The Election of 1860 Democratic Party candidate: Stephen Douglas
Democratic Party south: John Breckinridge
Republican Party: ABRAHAM LINCOLN
Constitutional Unionist: John Bell

14. No Slavery beyond this point!
Abraham Lincoln
Republican candidate
Against the SPREAD of slavery
Promised not to stop slavery in the South where it was already practiced
Said he hoped it would one day END there, too
No Slavery beyond this point!

15. Worried White Southerners
Many in the South were afraid if Lincoln were elected, slavery would be outlawed
Some even said they would LEAVE the Union if Lincoln was elected
Lincoln In...We're OUT

16. Lincoln Elected President
November 6, 1860
December 20, 1860 South Carolina’s leaders seceded from the Union
Later SIX other states seceded:
Mississippi
Florida
Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Texas

17. Confederate States of America
South Carolina
Mississippi
Florida
Louisiana
Alabama
Georgia
Texas
Jefferson Davis

18. Border States
These were states that were slave states, but didn’t join the Confederate States of America!
Delaware
Kentucky
Maryland
Missouri

19. Civil War: Union v. Confederacy

20. The Civil War has Begun! 11 States Strong
Lincoln called for Americans to join the army to stop the rebellion
Frightened southern states not in the Confederacy now joined with the other 7 states
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina
11 States Strong

21. Jefferson Davis
Jefferson Davis was named the president of the Confederacy