Nutrition: Carbohydrates Chapter 5 Lesson 2

Nutrients Objective 1: Describe the functions of the six basic nutrients in maintaining health. Objective 1: Describe the functions of the six basic nutrients in maintaining health. Objective 2: List nutrients in a variety of foods. Objective 2: List nutrients in a variety of foods. Objective 3: Explain the relationship between nutrition, health promotion, and disease prevention. Objective 3: Explain the relationship between nutrition, health promotion, and disease prevention.

What is a Carbohydrate? Carbohydrates (Carbs)- The starches and sugars found in foods. Carbohydrates (Carbs)- The starches and sugars found in foods. Made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen Made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen The body’s preferred source of energy The body’s preferred source of energy Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1 gram Carbs provide, 4 calories per 1 gram

Carbohydrates Your body uses the energy from the carbs everyday, for every task. Your body uses the energy from the carbs everyday, for every task. Depending on their chemical make-up there are 2 types; Depending on their chemical make-up there are 2 types; Simple Simple Complex Complex 55-60% of your daily calories should come from complex carbs % of your daily calories should come from complex carbs.

Simple Carbohydrates What are simple carbohydrates? What are simple carbohydrates? Also know as EMPTY CALORIES Also know as EMPTY CALORIES Sugars; fructose and lactose Sugars; fructose and lactose Found primarily in fruit and milk Found primarily in fruit and milk Most familiar; Sucrose Most familiar; Sucrose Found naturally; plants Found naturally; plants Refined to make table sugar Refined to make table sugar Sucrose is also added to manufactured foods Sucrose is also added to manufactured foods

Simple Carbohydrates

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Corn, Bad for you? How? Article Article Read quietly to yourself… Read quietly to yourself… The vast majority of the high fructose corn syrup containing 55% fructose is used to sweeten carbonated soft drinks and other flavored beverages. Minor amounts are used in frozen dairy products. Essentially all foods listing “high fructose corn syrup” as an ingredient contain the syrup with 42% fructose. The 95% fructose corn syrup is becoming more common in beverages, canned fruits, confectionery products and dessert syrups. The vast majority of the high fructose corn syrup containing 55% fructose is used to sweeten carbonated soft drinks and other flavored beverages. Minor amounts are used in frozen dairy products. Essentially all foods listing “high fructose corn syrup” as an ingredient contain the syrup with 42% fructose. The 95% fructose corn syrup is becoming more common in beverages, canned fruits, confectionery products and dessert syrups. “Now, a quarter of the 45,000 items in the average supermarket contain processed corn, often in the form of high-fructose corn syrup.” “Now, a quarter of the 45,000 items in the average supermarket contain processed corn, often in the form of high-fructose corn syrup.” That’s…11,250 products That’s…11,250 products

Complex Carbohydrates What are complex carbohydrates? What are complex carbohydrates? Starches Starches Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes and tubers (root veggies) Found primarily in; whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes and tubers (root veggies) Did you know? Did you know? Your body must break down complex carbs to simple carbs before it can use them for energy Your body must break down complex carbs to simple carbs before it can use them for energy

Complex Carbohydrates

The Role Of Carbohydrates Your body converts all carbs to Glucose Your body converts all carbs to Glucose A simple sugar that’s the main source of energy for our bodies A simple sugar that’s the main source of energy for our bodies The glucose that is not used is stored in the liver and muscles as a starch-like substance called; glycogen. The glucose that is not used is stored in the liver and muscles as a starch-like substance called; glycogen. When your body needs more energy the glycogen is converted back to glucose. When your body needs more energy the glycogen is converted back to glucose. Excess carbs taken in and not used are converted to body fat Excess carbs taken in and not used are converted to body fat

Fiber, What is it? What does it do? Is an indigestible complex carbohydrate that is found in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits and whole grains. Is an indigestible complex carbohydrate that is found in tough, stringy parts of vegetables, fruits and whole grains. Fiber helps move waste through the digestive system and helps prevent against constipation. Fiber helps move waste through the digestive system and helps prevent against constipation. Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and binds to potential cancer-causing agents, helping to flush them out of the body, says lead author Yikyung Park, a staff scientist at the National Cancer Institute. (article from us news.com) Why fiber reduces the risk of early death is unclear. Perhaps it's because fiber lowers levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol, improves blood glucose levels, reduces inflammation, and binds to potential cancer-causing agents, helping to flush them out of the body, says lead author Yikyung Park, a staff scientist at the National Cancer Institute. (article from us news.com)lowers levels of "bad" LDL cholesterollowers levels of "bad" LDL cholesterol

Fiber Did you know? Did you know? That if you eat enough fiber throughout your life, it can help prevent against heart disease! That if you eat enough fiber throughout your life, it can help prevent against heart disease! It can also help control diabetes by reducing your blood glucose levels It can also help control diabetes by reducing your blood glucose levels Eat between grams of fiber a day! Eat between grams of fiber a day! Sources Fruit Vegetables w/edible skins Whole grains Bran, cereal, oatmeal, brown rice

How to get the Proper amount of Fiber… Start your day with a whole grain breakfast cereal; Oatmeal! Start your day with a whole grain breakfast cereal; Oatmeal! Choose whole fruit instead of fruit juice Choose whole fruit instead of fruit juice Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day! Eat 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day! Select high-fiber snacks Select high-fiber snacks Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, apples, pears, peaches, plums (edible skin) Popcorn (no butter), raw veggies, nuts, apples, pears, peaches, plums (edible skin)