1. CARBOHYDRATES
Simple and Complex

2. Six Essential Nutrients
Nutrients are substances found in food that are essential for growth and energy.
There are SIX basic essential nutrients:
Carbohydrates
Fat
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

3. Types of Carbs Carbohydrates can be broken down into three categories:
Simple Carbs (Sugars)
Complex Carbs (Starches)
Fiber (a form of complex carb)

4. Simple- Sugars
Simple carbohydrates are also called sugars. These are broken down and digested very quickly.
Examples include: table sugar, fruit, fruit juice, sugary drinks, milk

5. Complex- Starches
Complex carbohydrates are also called starches. These take longer to digest and provide sustained energy.
Examples include: whole grains, cereal products, dried beans, rice, pasta

6. Carbohydrates (Carbs)
Complex carbohydrates break down into simple sugars in the digestion process
The primary function of Carbohydrates is to provide energy.
Carbohydrates provide 4 calories per gram.

7. Glucose Sucrose Fructose Maltose Lactose
Types of Sugar
SUGAR
OTHER NAME
FOOD SOURCES
Glucose
“Blood Sugar”
Fruit, Veggies, Grains
Sucrose
“Table Sugar”
Table Sugar, Sugar Cane
Fructose
“Fruit Sugar”
Fruit
Maltose
“Malt Sugar”
Grains
Lactose
“Milk Sugar”
Milk

8. Unsaturated Fatty Acids “B” Vitamins Vitamin E Iron Zinc
11. Label the Wheat Kernel below:
__ENDOSPERM___
Provides:
Starch
Protein
__Bran___
Provides:
Fiber
Vitamins
Minerals
__GERM___
Provides:
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
“B” Vitamins
Vitamin E
Iron
Zinc
Other Trace Minerals

9. Fiber Fiber is a form of complex carbohydrate
Fiber, also known as roughage or cellulose, attracts water to our intestines and moves food through the intestines faster.

10. Fiber
Fiber helps to keep bowel movements soft in form and reduces problems related to constipation.
Non-digestible fiber is also known as cellulose. It is found in foods such as wheat bran, whole grains and nuts
It is important to drink plenty of liquids, otherwise fiber can slow down or even block normal bowel function.

11. Fiber and Cancer
The National Cancer Institute recommends grams of daily fiber.
Fiber may reduce the risks of diverticulosis, colon and rectal cancer.
It is important to drink plenty of liquids, otherwise fiber can slow down or even block normal bowel function.

12. Fiber
Foods high in fiber: fruits and vegetables (especially the skins or peels), whole grains, legumes, bran cereals, dry beans, nuts, split peas and lentils
To increase the bulk in low-fiber foods use whole grains, ie: brown rice instead of white, whole wheat flour, flax seed

13. Carbohydrates (Carbs)
We get most of our carbs from the grains group.
Almost all of our carbohydrates come from plant food sources.