INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REVIEW SESSION

THE PROCESS OF TAKING OVER & FENCING OFF COMMON LAND: ENCLOSURE ENCLOSURE

A PLACE WHERE WORKERS & MACHINES ARE BROUGHT TOGETHER TO PRODUCE GOODS: FACTORY FACTORY

THE BUSINESS CLASS USED THIS TO INVEST IN MINES, RAILROADS, AND FACTORIES: CAPITAL CAPITAL

A NEW RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT OF THE 1700s; GAVE THE WORKING CLASS COMFORT: METHODIST FAITH (RELIGIOUS SECT OF CHRISTIANITY –PROTESTANT) METHODIST FAITH (RELIGIOUS SECT OF CHRISTIANITY –PROTESTANT)

THEORY THAT THERE SHOULD BE NO GOVERNMENT CONTROL OVER THE ECONOMY: LAISSEZ - FAIRE LAISSEZ - FAIRE

THE “ISM” SUPPORTING THAT THE GOAL OF SOCIETY SHOULD BE THE GREATEST HAPPINESS FOR THE GREATEST NUMBER OF PEOPLE: UTILITARIANISM UTILITARIANISM

THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM WHERE PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS OWN THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION: CAPITALISM CAPITALISM

THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM WHERE SOCIETY (PROTECTED BY GOV’T.) AS A WHOLE OWNS THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION: SOCIALISM SOCIALISM

THEORY THAT CLASS STRUGGLE WAS INEVITABLE & WOULD LEAD TO A CLASSLESS SOCIETY: COMMUNISM COMMUNISM

IDENTICAL COMPONENTS THAT SPEEDED BOTH ASSEMBLY & REPAIR BECAUSE THEY COULD BE USED IN PLACE OF ONE ANOTHER : INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS

A BUSINESS OWNED BY STOCKHOLDERS: CORPORATION CORPORATION

A WAY OF ORGANIZING WORKERS & MACHINES IN ORDER TO CONSTRUCT A FINISHED PRODUCT : ASSEMBLY LINE ASSEMBLY LINE FIRST USED BY HENRY FORD – U.S. AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY FIRST USED BY HENRY FORD – U.S. AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

THE RIGHT TO VOTE: SUFFRAGE SUFFRAGE

THE THEORY / IDEA THAT THE FITTEST WOULD ALWAYS BEAT OUT THEIR COMPETITORS, WHETHER IN WAR OR INDUSTRY: SOCIAL DARWINISM SOCIAL DARWINISM

WHAT INVENTION BECAME AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF POWER FOR THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ? DEPENDS ON WHICH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION! DEPENDS ON WHICH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION! INITIALLY, STEAM! INITIALLY, STEAM! DURING THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, IT WAS ELECTRICITY! DURING THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, IT WAS ELECTRICITY!

WHY DID BRITAIN TAKE THE LEAD IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION? *RESOURCES *RESOURCES COAL, COLONIES, HUMAN INGENUITY, STABLE GOVERNMENT COAL, COLONIES, HUMAN INGENUITY, STABLE GOVERNMENT

WHO ADVOCTATED COMMUNISM? KARL MARX & FRIEDRICH ENGLES, AUTHORS OF THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO KARL MARX & FRIEDRICH ENGLES, AUTHORS OF THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO

THE IDEA THAT THE GOAL OF SOCIETY SHOULD BE “THE GREATEST HAPPINESS FOR THE GREATEST NUMBER” OF ITS CITIZENS WAS A PHILOSOPHY HELD BY: UTILITARIANS UTILITARIANS

ACCORDING TO KARL MARX, WHAT CREATED POVERTY FOR MANY PEOPLE? CAPITALISM CAPITALISM COMMON IN THE WORLD TODAY COMMON IN THE WORLD TODAY FORMS THE FOUNDATION OF THE U.S. ECONOMY FORMS THE FOUNDATION OF THE U.S. ECONOMY BUT A SYSTEM WHICH MARX POINTS OUT ALLOWS ONE CLASS TO EXPLOIT ANOTHER BUT A SYSTEM WHICH MARX POINTS OUT ALLOWS ONE CLASS TO EXPLOIT ANOTHER BOURGEOSIE VS. PROLETARIAT BOURGEOSIE VS. PROLETARIAT

HOW DID FACTORY WORK DIFFER FROM FARM WORK? SAME ALL YEAR LONG – NO “OFF SEASON” SAME ALL YEAR LONG – NO “OFF SEASON” – LONGER HOURS – ELECTRICITY ALLOWED FOR FACTORY PRODUCTION AFTER DARK… – LONGER HOURS – ELECTRICITY ALLOWED FOR FACTORY PRODUCTION AFTER DARK…

WHAT WAS THE MAIN REASON EMPLOYERS PREFERRED WOMEN WORKERS TO MEN? CHEAPER!!!! CHEAPER!!!!

WHAT NATURAL RESOURCES GAVE BRITAIN AN ADVANTAGE IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION? WATER WATER COAL COAL PEOPLE PEOPLE COLONIES COLONIES

WHAT WAS NEEDED, IN ADDITION TO TECHNOLOGY, TO LEAD IN INDUSTRIALIZATION? CAPITAL CAPITAL LABOR LABOR

WHAT WAS ONE WAY THAT THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION CONTRIBUTED TO THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION? UNEMPLOYED FARM WORKERS LED UNEMPLOYED FARM WORKERS LED COINCIDED WITH… COINCIDED WITH… EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN FACTORIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN FACTORIES BETTER DIETS = POPULATION EXPLOSION => MORE PEOPLE BETTER DIETS = POPULATION EXPLOSION => MORE PEOPLE MORE PEOPLE TO DEMAND PRODUCTS MORE PEOPLE TO DEMAND PRODUCTS MORE PEOPLE TO WORK MORE PEOPLE TO WORK

ONE RESULT OF THE ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT WAS: INCREASED AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT… INCREASED AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT…

HOW DID THE “ENERGY REVOLUTION” CONTRIBUTE TO THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ? QUICKER PRODUCTION / INCREASED OUTPUT… QUICKER PRODUCTION / INCREASED OUTPUT…

WHAT CAUSED THE POPULATION BOOM IN THE 1700s? BETTER DIETS BETTER DIETS ONE REVOLUTION LED TO ANOTHER ONE REVOLUTION LED TO ANOTHER 2 ND AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION => INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 2 ND AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION => INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

KARL MARX BELIEVED THAT THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION HURT SOCIETY AS IT CREATED WEALTH IN THE HANDS OF A FEW WHILE THE MAJORITY WERE POOR!!!! POOR!!!! EXPLOITED, VICTIMIZED, THAT ADVANTAGE OF, TREATED UNFAIRLY UNNECESSARILY…. EXPLOITED, VICTIMIZED, THAT ADVANTAGE OF, TREATED UNFAIRLY UNNECESSARILY…. THAT’S WHY HE SUPPORTED A WORLDWIDE COMMUNIST REVOLUTION!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! THAT’S WHY HE SUPPORTED A WORLDWIDE COMMUNIST REVOLUTION!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

IN 19 TH CENTURY CITIES, WHERE DID THE POOR LIVE? IN TENEMENTS – IN (CITY) SLUMS IN TENEMENTS – IN (CITY) SLUMS

BY 1900, WHICH 2 COUNTRIES WERE THE WORLD’S LEADING INDUSTRIAL NATIONS ? UNITED STATES UNITED STATES GERMANY GERMANY

WHAT WAS A DIRECT RESULT OF THE DISCOVERY THAT GERMS CAUSED DISEASE? BETTER SANITATION BETTER SANITATION INDIVIDUAL HYGIENE INDIVIDUAL HYGIENE IMPROVED HOSPITAL CARE / PRACTICES IMPROVED HOSPITAL CARE / PRACTICES VACCINES VACCINES ANTISEPTIC ANTISEPTIC

WHY DOES DARWIN’S THEORY OF EVOLUTION CAUSE CONTROVERSY? CHALLENGED RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS CHALLENGED RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS STILL CONTROVERSIAL TODAY! STILL CONTROVERSIAL TODAY!

THE MARRIAGE OF SCIENCE & INDUSTRY __________________ DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. INCREASED! INCREASED! REVOLUTION = RADICAL CHANGE REVOLUTION = RADICAL CHANGE RADICAL IMPROVEMENT RADICAL IMPROVEMENT NOT NECESSARILY VIOLENT NOT NECESSARILY VIOLENT NOT NECESSARILY CAUSING GOV’T UPHEAVAL NOT NECESSARILY CAUSING GOV’T UPHEAVAL

DURING THE 2 ND WAVE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, POPULATIONS SOARED. WHY? BETTER MEDICAL CARE BETTER MEDICAL CARE NEW CONTINUED DISCOVERIES AND AWARENESSES NEW CONTINUED DISCOVERIES AND AWARENESSES EX. PASTEURIZATION EX. PASTEURIZATION

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS WHY IS THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION A TURNING POINT IN HISTORY? WHY IS THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION A TURNING POINT IN HISTORY? WAS THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION A BLESSING OR A CURSE? WHY? WAS THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION A BLESSING OR A CURSE? WHY? ARE YOU MORE OF A SOCIALIST OR A CAPITALIST? WHY? ARE YOU MORE OF A SOCIALIST OR A CAPITALIST? WHY? DID THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION LEAVE AN IMPACT ON TODAY’S SOCIETY? WHY OR WHY NOT? DID THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION LEAVE AN IMPACT ON TODAY’S SOCIETY? WHY OR WHY NOT?