1.4 -- Understanding Phrases Day 10 1.4 -- Understanding Phrases

Turn in your homework after you… Circle title and author. ***** your quotes and evidence. Squiggly line your explanation.

Bell Ringer Which sentence uses a parenthetical expression? Cindy was, at least in her mind, the coolest girl in school. Cindy (my best friend) is not the nicest person in the world. (Cindy) is no longer my best friend. I will never talk to Cindy again (said Katie). Get out your SSR Book. B

SSR 10 Minutes of SSR. Be ready to journal afterwards.

SSR Journal Format (in notebook) Date _____ Pg. I started__ and ended on __. Minutes engaged __. Explain your feelings towards reading at this time. Do you feel like you are getting better at staying on task reading? Are you still struggling? If so, what things keep you from finishing or concentrating (road blocks)?

Syntax ADD TO VOCABULARY SECTION Definition: The arrangement of words and the order of grammatical elements in a sentence or the way in which words are put together to make phrases, clauses or sentences. Example: Elementary students use basic syntax when writing sentences.

What are Phrases? Phrases clarify meaning by adding information. They can describe the subject, action or nouns in the sentence. When standing alone, phrases are not complete sentences. Types of Phrases (that we are focusing on today) Gerund Phrase 1. Prepositional Phrase Participial Phrase 2. Appositive Phrase Infinitive Phrase

Gerund Phrase What is it? Examples: Phrase beginning with an -ing verb and serves as a noun. Examples: Eating ice cream on a windy day can be a messy experience Jamming too much clothing into a washing machine will result in disaster.

Participial Phrase What is it? Phrase that begins with a past or present participle and functions as an adjective. A participial phrase is set off with commas when it: a) comes at the beginning of a sentence b) interrupts a sentence as a nonessential element c) comes at the end of a sentence and is separated from the word it modifies Examples: The book sitting on the shelf is the one given by Uncle Jason. The horse trotting up to the fence hopes that you have an apple or carrot. The water drained slowly in the pipe clogged with dog hair.

Infinitive Phrase What is it? Examples: Phrase that begins with an infinitive verb (to + base verb form) and functions as a noun, adjective or adverb. Examples: He wants to leave the theatre. She took AP courses this year to help her prepare for college.

Do 1-5 with a partner… Page 14 in your book! Highlight the phrases in each and label gerund, participial, or infinitive. Next, on your own write three sentences (pg.15). Sentence 1: contains a gerund Sentence 2: contains a participial Sentence 3: contains an infinitive

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES APPOSITIVE PHRASES *Prepositional and Appositive phrases allow us to provide important information that helps us combine sentences rather than write multiple simple sentences. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES APPOSITIVE PHRASES Begin with a preposition (by, in, at, to, etc.) and usually act as an adjective or adverb. Example: The book on the left is the one to read if you are working on the report assigned in class. *Adverb or Adjective? *Comma comes after prepositional phrase IF it is at the beginning of the sentence. Renames or identifies another noun or person. Example: Your sister, Sarah, was one of my best students. Andrew Luck, the Colt’s quarterback, is my hero. The best school in Indiana is Indiana University, my alma mater. *Notice the commas.

Worksheet- Due Next Class! Follow the directions.