The Ancient Israelites Chapter 2 Lesson 4

Introduction Ancient Israelites Small kingdoms appeared in southwest AsiaSmall kingdoms appeared in southwest Asia Ancestors of the Jewish peopleAncestors of the Jewish people We learned about them from Old Testament of the BibleWe learned about them from Old Testament of the Bible

Abram to Abraham Originally AbramOriginally Abram Changed his name as a promise to GodChanged his name as a promise to God Worshipped one God – monotheismWorshipped one God – monotheism God “spoke” to himGod “spoke” to him Covenant – Special Agreement with GodCovenant – Special Agreement with God God told him to go to CanaanGod told him to go to Canaan Sons: Isaac –Jewish Ishmael - ArabSons: Isaac –Jewish Ishmael - Arab

Moses and the Ten Commandments Abraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 sonsAbraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 sons Jacob’s 12 sons and their ancestors became known as IsraelitesJacob’s 12 sons and their ancestors became known as Israelites Famine – Went to Egypt for food and workFamine – Went to Egypt for food and work Later enslaved by Egyptian RulersLater enslaved by Egyptian Rulers Moses led a revolt against EgyptiansMoses led a revolt against Egyptians Exodus – journey back to CanaanExodus – journey back to Canaan

The Ten Commandments Given to Moses from GodGiven to Moses from God A set of laws for responsible behaviorA set of laws for responsible behavior Sabbath – a day of rest after a week of workSabbath – a day of rest after a week of work Important part of Judaism, Christianity, and IslamImportant part of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam First five books of the Hebrew Bible (Torah)First five books of the Hebrew Bible (Torah)

Israel and Judah Saul – First King 1020 BCSaul – First King 1020 BC King David – built up Jerusalem (died in 961 BC)King David – built up Jerusalem (died in 961 BC) King Solomon (David’s son) – Split into northern (Israel) and southern kingdom (Judah)King Solomon (David’s son) – Split into northern (Israel) and southern kingdom (Judah) –King Solomon was known for his great wisdom

Israel and Judah Judah–Conquered by Babylonians 586 BCJudah–Conquered by Babylonians 586 BC Judeans were enslaved and exiled to Babylonia.Judeans were enslaved and exiled to Babylonia. When Babylon was conquered by Persians Judeans were set free.When Babylon was conquered by Persians Judeans were set free. They returned to JerusalemThey returned to Jerusalem They rebuilt Jerusalem however their kin in northern Israel were no where to be found.They rebuilt Jerusalem however their kin in northern Israel were no where to be found. Israel was conquered by Assyrians 721 BCIsrael was conquered by Assyrians 721 BC

Judah Romans came and conquered JudahRomans came and conquered Judah Judah became JudaeaJudah became Judaea AD 70 – Romans destroyed the TempleAD 70 – Romans destroyed the Temple AD 130 – Judeans kicked out of JerusalemAD 130 – Judeans kicked out of Jerusalem Jerusalem became Roman Province of PalestineJerusalem became Roman Province of Palestine

Movement Through the World After Babylonian exile, Jews settled throughout the world – DiasporaAfter Babylonian exile, Jews settled throughout the world – Diaspora Diaspora - spreading of seedsDiaspora - spreading of seeds Realized they did not need the Temple in Jerusalem to worship GodRealized they did not need the Temple in Jerusalem to worship God Synagogues – a Jewish house of worship found all over the worldSynagogues – a Jewish house of worship found all over the world