Implementing aggressive PM reduction on non-road construction equipment in Lower Manhattan Transportation Land Use, Planning and Air Quality 2007 Metropolitan Transportation Authority Capital Construction 2 Broadway New York, NY CONTACT: R. Raman (646) July 10, 2007

Metropolitan Transportation Authority Fulton St. Transit Ctr. South Ferry Station 7 Line West Expansion LIRR East Side Access 2 nd Avenue Subway New South Ferry Terminal Project Fulton Street Transit Center Lower Manhattan Transportation Recovery Projects: NEW YORK CITY

New ♦ South Ferry Terminal Station $489M approximate cost New Structural Box approx. 1700’ by 50’ Substantial Completion forecast August 2008

New ♦ South Ferry Terminal Station Cut-and-Cover Construction Relocation of Utilities Concrete placement

William St. Fulton St. Broadway Dey St. Church St. Nassau St. Rehabilitation of Station - Connector Underpass to PATH Train and WTC Corbin Building Restoration World Trade Center Station New south entrances to Station Rehabilitation of Station New Transit Center Building New Dey Street Passageway Improvements to Mezzanine Fulton Street Transit Center $888M approximate cost Underground concourse connection to WTC site and PATH system Substantial Completion forecast October 2009

New Transit Center Building Rendering

WTC Transportation Hub – PANYNJ Route 9A Project - NYSDOT Federal Funding provided to restore and enhance infrastructure and support recovery. LOWER MANHATTAN WTC Site Route 9A Fulton Transit Center South Ferry Terminal

Environmental Performance Commitments EPCs An Environmental Analysis Framework for Federal Transportation Recovery Projects in Lower Manhattan was developed to lower the potential for adverse environmental impacts. This Framework includes a set of common Environmental Performance Commitments (EPCs). Signatories: MTA, PANYNJ, NYSDOT In cooperation with: FTA, LMDC September 2003

Noise & Vibration Cultural and Historic Access and Circulation Economic Effects Design for the Environment The EPCs cover the following resource areas: EPCs Air Quality

EPCs Air Quality 1. Use ULSD fuel in off-road construction equipment with engines of 50 HP and above. 2. Use diesel engine retrofit technology in off-road equipment to further reduce emissions, such as Diesel Oxidation Catalyst / Diesel Particulate Filters, engine upgrades or engine replacements.

EPCs Air Quality 3. Limit unnecessary idling times on diesel powered engines to 3 minutes. 4. Locate diesel powered exhausts away from fresh air intakes.

EPCs Air Quality 5. Control dust related to construction site through a Soil Erosion Sediment Control Plan that includes: a. Spraying of a suppressing agent on dust pile (non-hazardous, biodegradable); b. Containment of fugitive dust; and c. Adjustment for meteorological conditions as appropriate.

Clean Air Act: Air Quality NAAQS: Carbon Monoxide (CO) Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Ozone (O 3 ) Lead (Pb) Nitrogen Oxides (NO 2 ) Particulate Matter (PM)

Working adjacent to the World Trade Center site…

Corner of Fulton Street and Broadway, looking South.

Relocation of utilities along East side of Broadway, looking North.

U.S. EPA Emission Standards for new non-road Diesel Engines: Tier 1 (1996 – 2000):  Phased in for different engine sizes  NO x  30% Tier 2 (2001 – 2006):   NO x, HC and PM  Includes smaller engines ( <37kW ) Tier 3 (2006 – 2008):  Engines between 37kW and 560 kW (50 and 750 hp)  NO x  60%, PM  40% from Tier 1 emissions levels Air Quality

U.S. EPA Diesel Sulfur Rule: Highway Diesel Rule ( ):  Beginning in 2006, 80% of highway fuel = 15-ppm sulfur  Remaining 20% = 500-ppm Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel  By 2010, all highway diesel fuel = 15-ppm ULSD Non-road Diesel Rule (2007 – 2010):  Two step process, phasing in non-road fuel to 500-ppm initially  By 2010, non-road fuel = 15-ppm ULSD Note: Hardship provisions exist as well as exemptions for Alaska Air Quality

Clean Diesel Emission Control Program Use of Tier 2 Compliant equipment for all non-road engines > 50 hp Use of ULSD fuel in non-road equipment with engines > 50 hp Use of DPF in non-road equipment to further reduce emissions* * Where technically not feasible, a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) is considered Implemented in 2004 Contract Specifications

PM Emission Control Program Non-road Diesel Engine Emission Standards Particulate Matter Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Diesel Particulate Filter 175 ≤ hp < 300

Clean Diesel Emission Control Program 1. Education 2. Resistance to Change Standard Practices 3. Availability of Approved DPFs 4. DPF Installation 5. Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring Challenges:

Emission Control Program Non-road Equipment Tier II Engine DPF Filter

Emission Control Program Non-road Equipment Non-road Equipment Tier II Engine DPF Filter

Clean Diesel Emission Control Program A. Equipment Approvals B. Equipment Verification C. Fuel Verification 5. Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring:

Field Verifications…

Emission Control Program Equipment Verification - MTA Green Emissions Stickers placed on approved equipment

Compliant off-road Equipment World Trade Center Site Fulton Transit Center Project

Compliant off-road Equipment South Ferry Terminal Project

Compliant off-road Equipment South Ferry Terminal Project

More Compliant off-road Equipment…

Clean Diesel Emission Control Program A. Equipment Approvals B. Equipment Verification C. Fuel Verification 5. Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring:

Clean Diesel Emission Control Program Results- ULSD fuel usage Total ULSD Fuel Used: South Ferry:290,809 gal Fulton Street: 92,816 gal

Clean Diesel Emission Control Program Results- equipment adoption Tier Distribution # of Engines tier 23083% tier 1617% # of engines36100% Retro Distribution # of Retro % of Retro % of Engines retro installed29100%81% tier 2 + dpf2690%72% tier 1 + dpf310%8% doc00% no retro7 19% Tier Distribution # of Engines tier % tier 11311% tier < 122% # of Engines116100% Retro Distribution # of Retro % of Retro % of Engines retro installed99100% tier 2 + dpf8283%71% tier 1 + dpf88%7% doc99%8% no retro17 15% Fulton Transit Center Project South Ferry Terminal Project Contract #A36025 Dey Street Contract #A35976 Structural Box Fulton Transit Center Project South Ferry Terminal Project Contract #A36025 Dey Street Contract #A35976 Structural Box

Clean Diesel Emission Control Program Results- equipment adoption Equipment Distribution by hp 50<hp<10013% 100<hp< % 175<hp<300822% 300<hp< % 600<hp<75013% total36100% Fulton Transit Center Project South Ferry Terminal Project Contract #A36025 Dey Street Contract #A35976 Structural Box Fulton Transit Center Project South Ferry Terminal Project Contract #A36025 Dey Street Contract #A35976 Structural Box Equipment Distribution by hp 50<hp< % 100<hp< % 175<hp< % 300<hp< % 600<hp<75018% total116100%

EPA Environmental Quality Award April 26, 2007 Mayor of City of Newark NJ Cory A. Booker EPA Regional Administrator Alan J. Steinberg MTACC R. Raman

Metropolitan Transportation Authority Fulton St. Transit Ctr. South Ferry Station 7 Line West Expansion LIRR East Side Access 2 nd Avenue Subway Thank You

Implementing aggressive PM reduction on non-road construction equipment in Lower Manhattan Transportation Land Use, Planning and Air Quality 2007 Metropolitan Transportation Authority Capital Construction 2 Broadway New York, NY CONTACT: R. Raman (646) July 10, 2007