Chapter 7 Contents Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Nutrition for Life Chapter 7 Contents Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs

Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Bellringer What does the phrase “You are what you eat” mean to you?

Chapter 7 What is Nutrition? Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 What is Nutrition? Metabolism is the sum of the chemical processes that take place in your body to keep you alive and active. Metabolism requires energy from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The energy in food is measured in Calories. RMR-Resting Metabolic Rate (amount of calories one expends at rest in a 24 hour period) Header – dark yellow 24 points Arial Bold Body text – white 20 points Arial Bold, dark yellow highlights Bullets – dark yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0"

Chapter 7 What is Nutrition? Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 What is Nutrition? Nutrition is the science or study of food and the ways the body uses food. Nutritionist, Registered Dietician Nutrients are substances in food that provide energy or help form body tissues and are necessary for life and growth.

Chapter 7 What is Nutrition? Six Classes of Nutrients Carbohydrates Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 What is Nutrition? Six Classes of Nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water A Balanced Diet To be healthy, you need the right amount of nutrients from each class.

Chapter 7 Carbohydrates Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are energy-giving nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber. Sugars are the simplest form of carbohydrates. Starches are more complex carbohydrates that can be broken down into sugars. Glycogen is a form of carbohydrate your body uses for short-term energy storage. Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that provides little energy and cannot be digested.

Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Carbohydrates

Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that provides little energy and cannot be digested. However, fiber is important to keep your digestive system healthy, reduce cholesterol levels, and lower a person’s risk for cardiovascular diseases. Soluble Fiber: Dissolves in water and increases the amount of fluid and bulk in your digestive tract (examples: soft pulp of oatmeal, apples, beans, and some vegetables) Insoluble fiber: Do not dissolve in water and add bulk to your body’s waster (examples: hard or stringy part of fruits U vegetables and grains) Refined grains Removes the fiberous part of the food leaving it low in fiber and nutrients (example: white flour products)

Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Fats Fats are the body’s main form of long-term energy storage. Fats are large molecules made up of fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acids are long chains of carbon atoms attached to hydrogen atoms. Fats are classified by the types of fatty acids they contain.

Chapter 7 Fats Saturated fats contain saturated fatty acids. Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Fats Saturated fats contain saturated fatty acids. Every carbon atom is bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. Usually solid at room temperature. Come from foods such as meat and milk Too much saturated fat can lead to weight gain, high cholesterol levels, and an increased risk of heart disease.

Chapter 7 Fats Unsaturated fats contain unsaturated fatty acids. Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Fats Unsaturated fats contain unsaturated fatty acids. The carbon atoms are not bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. Usually liquid at room temperature Come from foods such as oils and fish

Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Fats Cholesterol is another type of lipid found in all human and animal tissues. Your body makes cholesterol. You also get cholesterol from foods such as meat, eggs, and dairy products. Cholesterol is necessary for certain essential functions in the body. Too much of certain types of cholesterol in your diet can cause deposits on blood vessel walls, increasing the risk of heart attack. Header – dark yellow 24 points Arial Bold Body text – white 20 points Arial Bold, dark yellow highlights Bullets – dark yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0"

Section 1 Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins Chapter 7 Proteins Proteins are made of amino acids, which are used in building and repairing structures in the body. Proteins are also needed for hormones, enzymes, and other essential molecules. Essential amino acids are nine amino acids that the body cannot produce on its own. Complete proteins are dietary proteins that contain all the essential amino acids. Examples: animal products (meat, eggs, and dairy products) Incomplete proteins do not contain all the essential amino acids. Examples: proteins found in legumes, grains and vetables Header – dark yellow 24 points Arial Bold Body text – white 20 points Arial Bold, dark yellow highlights Bullets – dark yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0"

Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter 7 Vitamins Vitamins are carbon-containing nutrients that are needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth. Fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in fat. Can be stored in fat tissue and remain in the body for a long time. Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water. Cannot stored in the body very well.

Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter 7

Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter 7

Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter 7 Minerals Minerals are chemical elements that are essential in small amounts to maintain good health. Nutrient deficiency is the state of not having enough of a nutrient to maintain good health. Most of us eat more sodium than is healthy. Most teens do not eat enough calcium. Calcium is found in green, leafy vegetables and in calcium-fortified foods. Iron-deficiency is a worldwide problem that causes anemia. Red meats are rich in iron. Header – dark yellow 24 points Arial Bold Body text – white 20 points Arial Bold, dark yellow highlights Bullets – dark yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0"

Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter 7

Section 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Chapter 7 Water Water is essential for almost every function that keeps you alive. About 60 percent of your body is water. The amount you need daily is affected by your diet, your activity level, and by the weather. Mild dehydration can interfere with mental and physical performance. Severe dehydration can have very serious consequences, including death. General recommendations for water intake: 8-8ounce glasses per day (64 oz/day)

How Much of Each Nutrient? Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Chapter 7 How Much of Each Nutrient? Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are the recommended nutrient intakes that will meet the needs of most healthy people. RDAs are guidelines, not exact requirements.

Simple Steps to a More Healthful Diet Section 4 Choosing a Healthful Diet Chapter 7 Simple Steps to a More Healthful Diet Nutrient density is a measure of the nutrients in a food compared with the energy the food provides. Food with low nutrient density is sometimes called junk food. Eating junk food occasionally is OK, but you should always aim for balance and moderation. You can make up for the nutrients missing in junk food by eating healthier foods at other times of the day. Header – dark yellow 24 points Arial Bold Body text – white 20 points Arial Bold, dark yellow highlights Bullets – dark yellow Copyright – white 12 points Arial Size: Height: 7.52" Width: 10.02" Scale: 70% Position on slide: Horizontal - 0" Vertical - 0"

MyPyramid: Steps to a Healthier You Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Chapter 7 MyPyramid: Steps to a Healthier You The MyPyramid food guidance system is a tool What to eat and how much The amount of food that a person needs depends on the person's age, sex, and level of physical activity.

Section 3 Meeting Your Nutritional Needs Chapter 7