Unit 5 Chapter 11 Lesson 4

 Arabian Peninsula –  Anatolia –  Ibn Battuta –  astrolabe –

 Muhammad wanted to spread Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula & throughout world  Best way to spread ideas Conquering other lands Trade on caravans  Capital was in Constantinople (Istanbul)

Mulsim Turks Empire came to be called the Ottoman Empire after Warrior leader OSMAN

1300 Muslim Turks settle in Anatolia 1453 Conquered Constantinople

 Trade routes helped spread Islam South East Asia Central Asia China North Africa Sub-Sahara Africa  Muslims created an international slave trade in Africa  Muslims also spread Math & Science advancements

 Arabic language spread with Islam because Quran can only be in Arabic  Non-Muslims were discriminated against Had to pay special tax Non-Muslim men could not marry Muslim women Could not hold powerful positions

 Hajj to Mecca in 1325  Journey lasted over 25 years  1 st world traveler  Rihla (Travels) 1 st travel book  Spread knowledge about other cultures  Went to every muslim land

Travels of Ibn Battuta vs. Marco Polo

 First to use Branch Banking Saved time & made trade safer  Made great advancements in Science Water clocks and irrigation systems Chemistry – first to make sulfuric acid Alchemy – change substances to gold  Mathematics Used the zero Algebra

 Used the Zero  al-Khwarizmi developed algebra  Trigonometry- to measure distance around the earth  Other uses for mathematics Determine times of day for prayers For map making  Accurate maps helped lead faithful to Mecca on their pilgrimage

 Astrolabe – device used by astronomers to determine latitude  The Mathematical Jewel The oldest surviving astrolabe, made of brass by Nastulus (or Bastulus) in Iraq circa 927 AD

Calendars told the faithful when to go on pilgrimage to Mecca

used to determine what direction to face toward Mecca during prayer They also gave directions for pilgrimage Al-Idrisi's world map, 1154 considered the most accurate map for 300 years

 Encyclopedia of medicine  Blood circulates through out the entire body

 Trade expanded throughout the Islamic world over both land & sea routes  Muslim Sailors used the North Star & the astrolabe to find their position at sea  Triangular sails made sailing INTO the wind possible

 Muslim Turks settle in Anatolia  _______ established a code of behavior for Muslim soldiers  The Koran could only be printed in Arabic  Ibn Battuta