Temperature, thermal energy, and heat Ch 3 Lesson 3 Temperature, thermal energy, and heat

Main Idea: Thermal energy (heat) flows from areas of higher temperature to areas of low temperature. From hot to cold

It's the measure of the kinetic energy of particles in a material. What is temperature? It's the measure of the kinetic energy of particles in a material.

Temperature and Matter All matter, contains particles such as atoms and molecules that are always moving.

How do you measure temperature? Thermometer Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin Degrees

Measuring Temperature These are the average temperatures in the world. This is an infrared Map.

Thermal Expansion It’s an increase in the volume (size) of a substance when the temperature increases.

Most materials expand (get bigger) when the temperature increases. Thermal Expansion Most materials expand (get bigger) when the temperature increases.

As the temperature decreases, the volume (size) will decrease as well. Col Volume As the temperature decreases, the volume (size) will decrease as well.

Density As the temperature increases, space between the particles gets bigger and the density will decrease.

Heat The movement of thermal energy from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature is called heat.

Thermal energy transfers in 3 ways: Convection Conduction Radiation Thermal Transfer Thermal energy transfers in 3 ways: Convection Conduction Radiation

Radiation Heat is transferred through space by electromagnetic waves. EXAMPLE: The heat you feel from a fire.

Radiation

Heat transferred by the movement of molecules within a substance. Convection Heat transferred by the movement of molecules within a substance. Movement occurs from warmer areas to cooler areas. It's only for liquids and gases.

Conduction The movement of thermal energy through the collision of particles. Example: the handle of a pot gets hot. The molecules are playing tag

Conductors Conductors are materials that transfer heat easily. Examples: metals like copper and gold

An insulator is a material that does not transfer heat easily. Insulators An insulator is a material that does not transfer heat easily. Examples: liquids, gases, rubber, fat A jacket

Chemical energy can be changed to radiant and thermal energy. Energy transfer Chemical energy can be changed to radiant and thermal energy.

Logs are fuel that can be burned to release energy. Energy transfer Logs are fuel that can be burned to release energy. Fuel is a material that can be burned to produce energy.

Energy transfer Kinetic energy can be converted to thermal energy when two objects move against each other. When two objects rub against each other, they produce friction.