1. Heat and Thermal Energy AC Physical Science 2009

2. Temperature The measure of kinetic energy in an object. 3 scales Fahrenheit Scale – most common in US, 32 0 is freezing, 212 0 is boiling. Unit o F Celsius Scale – most common in the world, 0 o is freezing and 100 o is boiling. Unit o C Kelvin Scale – most common in physical science. Unit K. -273K is considered to be Absolute Zero. 273K is freezing and 373K is boiling (add 273 to Celsius scale to equal K).

3. Heat Movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to another at a lower temperature. Heat always moves from a warmer object to a cooler object. There is no such thing as cold…

4. Heat Transfer 3 types: Conduction – heat transfer by touch Convection – heat transfer by fluid Radiation - heat transfer by waves (heat you can feel)

5. More Heat Details… Thermal Expansion: the increase of the volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature. Problems for roads, good for thermostats, tires and hot-air balloons. Thermal Energy: total kinetic energy of the particles of a substance

6. A few More… Conductor vs. Insulator: Conductors move energy easily, while insulators prevent energy from moving. Examples:?? Specific Heat: amount heat needed to raise one unit of mass 1 K or 1 0 C – a calorimeter is used for measuring heat and specific heat

7. Endothermic vs. Exothermic Endothermic: heat is taken “in” Exothermic: heat is released or put off