31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness 1. Hypothesize what you think this organism is doing in the picture. (BONUS: ID this guy) 2. Hypothesize why you do not get sick EVERYTIME disease causing germs invade your body. White blood cell E. Coli (bacteria) Pg. 68

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Set up Cornell Notes on pg.69 Topic: 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Essential Question(s): 1.Give REAL LIFE examples of how pathogens enter the body –Direct Contact –Indirect Contact 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness KEY CONCEPT Germs cause many diseases in humans

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness KEY CONCEPT Germs cause many diseases in humans.

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Diseases caused by germs, such as the E. Coli bacteria can be fatal (death) , the bacteria that caused the “Black Death” or the Plague originated from fleas on rats –Killed approx MILLION people –New diseases -HIV -SARS -Avian Flu (bird flu) -Swine Flu

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Germ theory proposed that microorganisms cause diseases. –led to rapid advances in understanding disease –Can be infectious (polio, flu), caused by germs –or noninfectious (cancer, heart disease), caused by genes or lifestyle

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Disease-causing agents are called pathogens. What would happen if pathogens were eliminated? –We wouldn’t get sick

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pathogens Bacteria Viruses Fungi Protozoa Parasites Pg. 68

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Whiteboard Knowledge For each type of pathogen, write any words/pictures/info/examples you know

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Whiteboard Knowledge Grab a White board/Pen/Eraser for yourself Grab a Poster and a few markers for your TABLE

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Bacteria –are single-celled organisms. –cause illness by destroying cells –release toxic chemicals –Can be treated/killed with antibiotics or antiseptics –Exs: – E. Coli –Salmonella -“Food Poisoning”

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Viruses –Take over a healthy (host) cell –Forces cells to produce more of the virus –Smaller than bacteria –Can be prevented with vaccines –Exs: –HIV –In flu enza –Herpes – *Common Cold –AIDS are disease-causing strands of DNA or RNA that are surrounded by a protein coat

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness

Fungi –can be multicellular or single-celled. –take nutrients from host’s cells –occur in warm and damp places Ex: Athlete’s foot, yeast, mold

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Protozoa –are single-celled organisms –Prey on other cells –use host cells to complete their life cycles –take nutrients from host cell –Ex: Malaria, dysentery

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Parasites –are multicellular organisms –grow and feed on a host –possibly kill the host Ex: Heart worm Round worm Elephantiasis- parasitic worms

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Vectors Direct contact requires touching an infected individual. Includes: –kissing –sexual intercourse –hand shaking –bite tick Ex: Lime Disease- ticks Malaria- mosquito West Nile Virus- mosquito Rabies- rabid animal HIV- infected person any person or animal that carries and transmits a pathogen to another living organism.

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pathogens can enter the body in different ways. Direct contact require an infected person or animal to physically touch a healthy person Ex: Rabies, HIV Indirect contact does not require touching an infected individual. Ex: SARS, TB

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Time for a Little Guessing Game… Guess the pathogen AND how the disease spreads On the poster you have been given, draw this table Remember: Whisper quietly as to not allow other teams to hear your answers HINT: use the systems affected to help

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness HIV

13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships Pneumonia

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Tuberculosis

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Malaria HINT: The mosquito is actually the VECTOR

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Hepatitis B

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Measles

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Influenza

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Different pathogens cause common infectious diseases.

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 71 Topic: 31.1 Bacteria vs. Viruses Essential Question(s): 1.Double-bubble map comparing and contrasting viruses and bacteria using the book, notes, videos, and REAL LIFE examples of each. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 31.1 Bacteria vs. Viruses

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pg. 71 VIRUSES BACTERIA Take notes from video which will be used to add info to your Double-Bubble Map

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Viruses vs. Bacteria Videos Viruses The Littlest Assassins Viruses How Viruses Work The Influenza Pandemic of 1918 Bacteria Harmful The Enemy Within: Bacteria Harmful Bacteria Beneficial Beneficial Bacteria How Bacteria Can Help Focus: How viruses use our cells against us Beneficial bacteria vs. Harmful bacteria Pg. 71

31.2 Immune System Classwork On pg. 70 please draw a double- bubble map comparing and contrasting bacteria and viruses REAL LIFE examples Illustrations Treatment/Prevention? (pg. 942 & notes & Videos)

31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Beneficial Bacteria Decomposers –Break down dead material Soil –Makes it fertile so plants can grow Intestines –Aids in digestion –Produces vitamins Food –Cheese, sour cream, yogurt Medicine - –help fight diseases Sewage Treatment Oil spills Harmful Bacteria Take over ponds, etc. –Kills existing life Food –Grows on food (spoils) Mouth –Feed on food in between teeth -Must brush and floss Infect –Open sores Difficult to kill –May have a slippery outer capsule

31.2 Immune System Single- celled Release toxic chemicals Larger than viruses E. Coli Pathogens microscopic Infectious Have a protein coat Force cells to produce more virus Smaller than Bacteria HIV Common cold Flu BacteriaViruses

31.2 Immune System Rabbit Island Experiment Case Study: Tuberculosis Quietly read the case study (highlight crucial info) Summary of Rabbit Island Experiment (Table) Class discussion Clarifying questions You have until Friday to complete the case study questions I WANT TIME and CONSIDERATION. This is going into your grade as a QUIZ/ESSAY score. –If typed, submit on Edmodo –Or on a neatly written piece of paper.