John Adams. Home State: John Adams President #2 - Federalist Years in office: 1797-1801 Vice President: Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)

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Presentation transcript:

John Adams

Home State:

John Adams President #2 - Federalist Years in office: Vice President: Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)

Political Party:

XYZ Affair Pres. Adams sent officials to negotiate with France French secret agents (X,Y, Z) demanded bribe, Americans refused to pay American public outraged! Almost results in war with France

Alien and Sedition Acts Passed by Federalists to silence opponents Gave Pres. power to deport foreigners, made it illegal to say or print anything “false, scandalous, and malicious” about the gov’t End result  backfired, led to more political divisions

1800: Adams is up for re-election…

The Election of 1800 Democratic Republican Jefferson (VA)73 Burr (NY)73 Federalist Adams (MA)65 Pinckney (SC)64 Jay (NY)1

138 electoral votes available 70 needed to win When there is a tie, the decision goes to the House of Representatives. Each state gets one vote. Sixteen states at the time, meant there could be a tie. Took 36 ballots for the House of Representatives to decide on the winner.

Thomas Jefferson won, Aaron Burr became Vice President “Revolution of 1800”—peaceful transfer of power from one party to another Election of 1800 led to 12th Amendment— vote separately for President and Vice President

Before Adams leaves office… Appoints John Marshal as chief justice of Supreme court Signed the Judiciary Act of increased number of judges by 16…called midnight judges because Adams appointed late on his last day in office. Leads to Marbury V Madison…pg 206 Know also Gibbons v Ogden pg 206, McCulloch v Maryland - pg R62

Jefferson Anti Federalist-2 terms $15 million land deal with France known as Louisiana Purchase...doubled size of US. Sent Lewis and Clark on expedition of new territory. Sacajawea was their interpreter and guide.

War of 1812 Causes: Impressment-act of seizing Americans at sea and drafting them into the Brittish Navy. Britain boarded the Chesapeake looking for deserters…killed 3 Americans and wounded 18. Jefferson declares embargo-ban on exporting products to other countries-hurt America more than Britain

War of 1812 Causes continued-Shawnee chief Tecumseh and Gov of Indiana William Henry Harrison fight over land claims. Harrison fights at Battle of Tippecanoe gets victory but finds out Indians were getting arms from Britain to fight against Americans. War Hawks and leader Henry Clay call for war against Britain

War of 1812 James Madison (a Virginian, Democratic Republican) becomes fourth President in Madison declares war against Britain. War in Canada-Tecumseh killed War at Sea-outnumbered by British-held their own Britain Burns the White House in 1814…

Star Spangled Banner Francis Scott Key – A lawyer, witnessed 25 hour bombing of Fort McHenry in Baltimore…and an oversized flag had been sewn by Mary Pickersgill, inspired him to write the lyrics that would later become the National Anthem.

War of 1812 ends -General Andrew Jackson wins the battle with Creeks of Horseshoe Bend after losing Battle of Fort Mims. (killed all but 36 of 553) Battle of New Orleans-Jackson defeats British on January 8, Jackson did not know Treaty of Ghent had been signed on 12/24/1814, declaring an armistice (end to the fighting)