Chapter 7 Challenge and Growth By: Mr. Leslie’s Class

Frederick Douglas Frederick Douglass stood at the podium, trembling with nervousness. Before him sat abolitionists who had traveled to the Massachusetts island of Nantucket. Only 23 years old at the time, Douglass overcame his nervousness and gave a stirring, eloquent speech about his life as a slave. Douglass would continue to give speeches for the rest of his life and would become a leading spokesperson for the abolition of slavery and for racial equality. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1539.html

John S. Rock John S. Rock was a member of the abolitionist movement, born of free black parents in Salem, NJ in 1825. Not much is known of his childhood. He taught in schools in New Jersey from 1844 to 1848. While teaching, he studied medicine. “Address to the Citizens of New Jersey”

Underground Railroad

Harriet Tubman Harriet Tubman is perhaps the most well-known of all the Underground Railroad's "conductors." During a ten-year span she made 19 trips into the South and escorted over 300 slaves to freedom. She once proudly pointed out to Frederick Douglass, in all of her journeys she "never lost a single passenger." Maya Angelou reading Harriet Tubman

Grimké Sisters Sarah Grimké Angelina Grimké Sarah Grimke, along with her sister Angelina, were the first women in the United States to publicly argue for the abolition of slavery. Cultured and well educated, Sarah had gone north from South Carolina with her sister with firsthand knowledge of the condition of the slaves. In 1836 Angelina wrote a lengthy address urging all women to actively work to free blacks

Charity Still Charity was born into slavery in Maryland. When New Jersey outlawed slavery in 1804; Charity decided to move here. Her husband was able to travel to New Jersey and buy her freedom.

Follow the Drinkin’ Gourd (recorders)

Fugitive Slave Act

New Jersey and the Civil War Lesson 2

Abraham Lincoln Lincoln ran for President in 1860. He did not support abolition, but he was against the spread of slavery. New Jersey was the only free state not to vote for Lincoln.

War breaks out Soon after Lincoln’s election, 11 Southern states voted to secede, or withdraw, from the United States. These states formed a new government called the Confederate States of America, or the Confederacy. (South) The rest of the United States called themselves the Union. (North)

April 12, 1861 - Civil War

Philip Kearny A skilled general Leader of the 1st NJ Brigade Died on September 1, 1862, at a battle in Virginia

George B. McClellan Another Military leader from New Jersey. A Major General from West Orange He served as the general-in-chief of the Union Army for one year.

“THE DRAFT” The Union army was in need of soldiers so they created a draft. The draft was a plan to select people and force them to serve in the army. New Jersey did not have to draft soldiers until 1864, because we had enough volunteers.

Cornelia Hancock Born in 1839 in New Jersey, Cornelia Hancock started off her Civil War nursing career auspiciously when she arrived with other women volunteers in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania July 1863. She was the only one of the group not to be accepted to become a volunteer nurse. Nonetheless, she found her way to Gettysburg and began what became a well known and respected service as a nurse in the field

Emancipation Proclamation As early as 1849, Abraham Lincoln believed that slaves should be emancipated, advocating a program in which they would be freed gradually. Early in his presidency, still convinced that gradual emancipation was the best course, he tried to win over legislators. To gain support, he proposed that slave-owners be compensated for giving up their "property." Support was not forthcoming.

Appomattox Courthouse With his army surrounded, his men weak and exhausted, Robert E. Lee realized there was little choice but to consider the surrender of his Army to General Grant. After a series of notes between the two leaders, they agreed to meet on April 9, 1865, at the house of Wilmer McLean in the village of Appomattox Courthouse. The meeting lasted approximately two and one-half hours and at its conclusion the bloodiest conflict in the nation's history neared its end. The McLean family sits on the porch of their home. The surrender was signed in the 1st floor room

Making Conclusions When you make a conclusion, you add up several facts or statements to see how they are connected. Skim through the information for a common idea. State the meaning in your own words.

Inventions and Industry Lesson 3

Thomas Alva Edisoon As a young man he worked as a telegraph operator. He was known as the wizard of Menlo Park. He set up an invention factory in Menlo Park. He became famous around the world with new products such as the electric light bulb, the phonograph, a dynamo, and the motion picture camera. His dynamo, a machine that makes electricity, brought electricity to the town of Roselle. In his lifetime he was awarded 1,093 patents.

Patents- is a document issued by the government Patents- is a document issued by the government. It gives an inventor the right to make, use, or sell a particular invention. Edison’s Patents

Labor Unions- Is a group of workers united to gain better wages, or pay, and working conditions. Factory owners often fired people for joining these unions. Teacher’s Union Police and Fireman’s Union Verizon’s Union

Welcoming the World Lesson 4

Grover Cleveland President Cleveland was born in Caldwell, NJ. The Statue of Liberty was a gift from France to the people of the United States. The First Democrat elected after the Civil War, Grover Cleveland was the only President to leave the White House and return for a second term four years later.

Ellis Island Records: Type your last name Was the 1st stop for most immigrants. This island is located just off the shore of NJ, near NYC. In 1892 the United States government built an immigration station here. Sometimes, 5,000 people a day walked through these doors. Ellis Island Records: Type your last name

Discrimination- or unfair treatment based on their nationality or religion. Some native-born Americans were angry at immigrants for working for low wages. They felt this lowered the rate of pay for all workers.