Behaviorism. How do we know how to respond to different stimuli? Jumping at the sound of a loud noise. Feeling anxiety after seeing flashing police lights.

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Presentation transcript:

Behaviorism

How do we know how to respond to different stimuli? Jumping at the sound of a loud noise. Feeling anxiety after seeing flashing police lights in your rearview mirror. Squinting in the bright sunlight. Pulling your hand away after touching a hot stove. Grabbing for your phone when hearing your ringtone. Do Now

Behaviorism Science of Observable Behavior Mental process cannot be studied directly but behaviorists believe that people’s behaviors are directly related to mental process Scientific approach - focus on experimentation

Movers and Shakers Ivan Pavlov - discovered classical conditioning John B. Watson - Father of Behaviorism - > Behavior without reference to thought B.F Skinner - Operant Conditioning - Pigeons and Skinner Box

Behaviorism Stimulus Response Pairing Intro to Behaviorism Clip

Key Terms - Classical Conditioning Unconditional Stimulus (UCS)- a stimulus that naturally triggers a response Unconditioned Response (UCR)- a naturally occurring response to a stimulus Conditioned Stimulus (CS)- a previously neutral stimulus that now elicits a response after being coupled with a UCS Conditioned Response (CR) - a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

Now Lets Play Doggy Game

What about with People? John Watson experiments with a baby named lil albert lil albert

Other Terms Generalization - the tendency to respond to any stimulus similar to the CS - ex. lil Albert and all white furry things not just rats Distinction - the ability to discriminate the CS from other familiar stimuli - ex. end of class bell vs fire alarm bell Extinction - “unconditioning” - fading responses when the CS is no longer coupled with the UCS - ex. if Watson had paired white furry things with no loud noise many times, Albert would not be scared anymore

How do you feel about classical conditioning? Option 1: What are you talking about!?!? Option 3: Are you kidding? This is cake! Option A: What are you talking about!?!? Option A: What are you talking about!?!? Option 2: I got it so far! Option B: Are you kidding? This is cake! Option4: Um..28? Sorry..I am obsessing over college stuff Option 5: Ew...I hate slouchy hats.

Exposure Therapy Used to extinguish phobias Based on behaviorism The anxiety provoking stimuli is presented to the person with greater frequency until there is no more anxiety This is a good examplegood example This is a bad examplebad example

What are punishments for behavior? What are rewards for behavior? Operant Conditioning The learning of behaviors as a result of the consequences that occur after those behaviors Developed by B.F Skinner

Skinner was interested in the stimulus response aspect of behaviorism but wanted to see if he could train animals to elicit specific behaviors Created the ”Skinner Box” Example

Key Terms- Operant Conditioning Positive Reinforcement - the addition of a positive consequence to increase a behavior - Rewards Negative Reinforcement- the removal of a negative stimulus to increase a behavior Punishment - the addition of negative consequence to decrease a behavior Omission training - the removal of a positive stimulus to decrease a behavior

Lets see if it works with people? Big Bang Theory

Skinner and his Pigeons Pigeons Training Ping Pong Pigeons