1. Behaviorism
Behaviorists believe that psychology should focus on measureable and observable physical behaviors and how these behaviors can be manipulated by changes in the external environment. There is no room in behaviorist theory for thoughts or emotions, a contrast to other theories of psychology.

2. Key players: John Watson
Founder of the behaviorist theory
Becomes known for his “Little Albert Experiment”

3. Ivan Pavlov
Introduced the concept of “conditioning” through his research with animals.
Became known for his classical conditioning experiments with dogs.
Pavlov trained a dog to drool at the sound of a bell

4. Edward Thorndike
Came up with the concept of instrumental conditioning.
Known for his puzzle boxes

5. B.F. Skinner Developed the behaviorist idea of Operant Conditioning
Developed the concept of reinforcement and positive and negative punishment.

6. Classical conditioning

8. Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
Unconditioned Response (UR)
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Conditioned Response (CR)

9. Unconditioned Stimulus
Unconditioned Response
Conditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Response

10. Unconditioned Stimulus
Unconditioned Response
Conditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Response

12. Positive Reinforcement

13. Negative Reinforcement

14. Positive Punishment

15. Negative Punishment