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Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Chapter Overview  Issues of Sex and Gender  How Females Became a Minority Group  Gender Inequality in the United States  The Changing Face of Politics  Aging in Global Perspective  The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective  The Functionalist Perspective  The Conflict Perspective

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon “Unequal Access to Power, Prestige, and Property on the Basis of Sex.” What’s Gender Stratification?

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Sex - Biological Characteristics  Female and Male  Primary and Secondary Sexual Characteristics Issues of Sex and Gender Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Gender - Social Characteristics  Masculinity and Femininity  Appropriate Behavior Issues of Sex and Gender Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Dominant Position in Sociology  Social Factors Primary, Not Biological  If Biological Should Be Less Variation in Male and Female Behavior across Cultures Gender Differences In Behavior Biology or Culture?

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Nature vs. Nurture  A Medical Accident  Vietnam Veteran Study Opening the Door to Biology Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Origins of Patriarchy  Early On, Life was Short  Females Limited by Childbearing  Men Became Dominant as Hunters and Warriors  Weapons, Trade, and Knowledge gained from Contact with Others Gave Men Power How Females Became a Minority Group

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Conflict Theory - Power Yields Privilege  Feminism  Biology is not Destiny  Stratification by Gender Should Be Resisted Gender Inequality in the U.S.

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure 10.1 Page 257

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Fighting Back: The Rise of Feminism  First Wave - Early 1900s  Second Wave Began 1960s  Third Wave Emerging Now Gender Inequality in the U.S. Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Gender Inequality in Education Gender Inequality in the U.S. Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Gender Changes in Professional Degrees. Page 258

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Gender Inequality in Education  Gender Inequality in Health Care Gender Inequality in the U.S. Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Gender Inequality in the Workplace

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Women’s and Men’s Proportion of the U.S. Labor Force. Page 258

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Married Women in the Labor Force. Page 260

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Women in the Work Force. Page 260

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  The Pay Gap Gender Inequality in the Workplace

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure The Gender Gap, by Education. Page 261

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure The Gender Gap Over Time: What Percentage of Men’s Income Do Women Earn? Page 262

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  The Pay Gap  The Glass Ceiling and Escalator Gender Inequality in the Workplace

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  The Pay Gap  The Glass Ceiling and Escalator  Sexual Harassment and Worse Gender Inequality in the Workplace

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Violence Against Women  Forcible Rape  Date Rape  Murder  Violence in the Home Gender and Violence Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Killers and their Victims. Page 264

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Feminism and Gendered Violence  Solutions Gender and Violence

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Women Majority in Population  Women Underrepresented in Law and Business Careers  Irregular Hours Incompatible with Role as Mother Changing Face of Politics Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Women Less Likely to have Supportive Spouse  Men Reluctant to Incorporate Women in Decision Making Changing Face of Politics

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Structural Barriers Coming Down  Abandoning Stereotypes  New Consciousness  Change in Relationships Glimpsing the Future With Hope Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Social Construction of Aging  Tiwi vs. Abkhasians  Effects of Industrialization Aging in Global Perspective Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure The Graying of the Globe. Page 270

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Social Construction of Aging  Tiwi vs. Abkhasians  Effects of Industrialization  Graying of America  Life Expectancy  Life span Aging in Global Perspective Microsoft Images

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure U.S. Life Expectancy by Year of Birth. Page 271

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure The Graying of America: Americans Age 65 and Older. Page 271

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure The Median Age of the U.S. Population. Page 271

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure As Florida Goes, Go Goes the Nation: The Year Page 272

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Ageism: The Concept  Shifting Meanings of Growing Old  Influence of the Mass Media Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Disengagement Theory  Activity Theory  Continuity Theory Functionalist Perspective

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Social Security Legislation  Intergenerational Conflict Conflict Perspective

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Costs of Social Security. Page 276

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Fewer Workers Supporting a Larger Number of Retirees and Disabled Workers. Page 277

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Health Care Costs for the Elderly and Disabled. Page 277

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Figure Trends in Poverty. Page 280

Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon