Pelvis Femur Tibia,Fibula Tarsals, Metatarsals Phalanges Lower Extrmities Pelvis Femur Tibia,Fibula Tarsals, Metatarsals Phalanges

Pelvis(Coxal Bone) Iliac Crest: upper, curving boundary of ilium Ilium: Upper flaring portion Ischium: Lower, posterior portion Pubic bone (pubis): Medial, anterior section Acetabulum: Hip socket; formed by union of ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Pelvis cont. Iliac spines: A. Anterior superior: Prominent projection at anterior end of iliac crest; can be flelt externally as “point” of hip. B. Anterior inferior: Less prominent projection short distance below anterior superior spine.

Pelvis cont. C. Posterior superior: At posterior end of iliac crest. D. Posterior inferior: Just below posterior superior spine. Greater Sciatic Notch: Large notch on posterior surface of ilium just below posterior inferior spine.

Pelvis cont. Spine of Ischium: pointed projection just above tuberosity. Obtuator foramen: large hole in anterior surface of os coxa; formed by pubis and ischium; largest foramen in body. Ischial Tuberosity: Large rough, quadrilaterial process forming inferior part of ischium.

Pelvis cont. Ramus of Ischium: Lower part of Ischium Superior Ramus of Pubis: Part of pubis lying between symphysis and acetabulum; forms upper part of obturator foramen. Inferior Ramus of Pubis: Part extending dowwn from symphysis unites with ischium. Pubis: lower part of pelvis.

Pelvis cont. Pubic tubercle: Rounded process at end of crest Pubic crest: Upper margin of superior ramus.

Femur Thigh bone; largest bone in body Head: rounded upper end of bone; fits into acetabulum. Neck: Constricted portion just below head. Greater Trochanter: Protuberance located inferiorly and laterally to head. Lesser Trochanter: Small protuberance located inferiorly and medially to greater.

Femur cont. Intertorchanteric line: Line extending between greater and lesser trochanter. Condyles: Large, rounded bulges at distal end of femur, one medial and one lateral. Epicondyles: Blunt projections from the sides of the condyles; one on the medial aspect and on the lateral aspect. Adductor tubercle: Small projection just above medial condyle; marks termination of medial supracondylar ridge.

Femur cont. Trochlea: Smooth depression between condyles on anterior surface; articulates with patella. Intercondyloid fossa: Deep depression between condyles on posterior surface; cruciate ligaments that help bind femur to tibia lodge in this notch.

Patella Kneecap; largest sesamoid bone of the body; embedded in tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle.

Tibia Shin bone Condyles: bulging prominences at proximal end of tibia; upper surfaces concave for articulation with femur. Intercondylar eminence: Upward projection on articular surface between condyles. Crest: Sharp ridge on anterior surface. Tibial tuberosity: Projection in midline on anterior surface.

Tibia cont. Medial malleolus: Rounded downward projection at distal end of tibia; forms prominence on medial surface of ankle.

Fibula Long, slender bone of lateral side of lower leg Lateral malleolus: Rounded prominence at distal end of fibula; forms proninence on lateral surface of ankle. Head: Prominence on proximal end of Fibula; articulates with lateral surface of tibia. This is the non weight bearing bone of the lower leg.

Tarsals bones that form heel and proximal or posterior half of foot. Calcaneus: heel bone Talus: Uppermost of tarsals; articulates with tibia and fibula; boxed in by medial and lateral malleolus. Navicular: articulates with the talus and cuneiforms I, II, & III

Tarsals cont. Cuneiforms: form arch of foot; Numbered I,II, & III; articulate with navicular and Metatarsals Cuboid: forms side of ankle; articulates with calcaneus and IV & V Metatarsals.

Metatarsals Long bones of the foot Numbered like the metacarpals of the hand. I - big toe through V - little toe

Phalanges Miniature long bones of the toes; two in each great toe; three in other toes.