Appendicular Skeleton Continued Marieb Exercise 11, pgs 151-156
Pelvis and Pelvic Girdle 2 coxal bones form girdle plus sacrum and coccyx = pelvis anterior articulation at pubic symphysis posterior articulation with sacrum (sacroilliac)
False Pelvis false (greater): portion superior to pelvic brim or inlet supports abdominal viscera, but DOES NOT restrict childbirth
True Pelvis true (lesser): pelvic brim or inlet and inferior encloses the pelvic cavity dimensions are critical for childbirth pelvic inlet: superior most opening pelvic outlet: inferior most opening
Male vs. Female Pelvis See Table 11.1 in Marieb for details Females wider pelvic inlet and outlet wider pubic arch
Coxal Bones: 3 fused regions Ilium, Ischium, & Pubis Acetabulum (wine cup) where the 3 bones fuse recieves the head of the femur Obturator foramen hole formed by fusion of pubis and ischium blood vessels and nerves pass from pelvic cavity into thigh
medial view Ilium iliac crest iliac spines mark attachment of muscles and ligaments: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) Posterior SIS PIIS greater sciatic notch sciatic nerve passes to lower limbs lateral view
ischium ischial spine ischial tuberosity lesser sciatic notch medial view ischium ischial spine posterior to acetabulum ischial tuberosity bear body weight when seated lesser sciatic notch blood vessels, nerves and a small muscle pass here lateral view
medial view Pubis lateral view
Femur Greater and Lesser Trochanter Head Neck linea aspera where large tendons attach to the femur Head fovea capitis where ligament attaches femur to acetabulum of pelvis Neck linea aspera attachment of hip muscles
Femur medial/lateral condyles adductor tubercle knee joint adductor tubercle adductor magnus muscle popliteal surface (fossa) posterior patellar surface (fossa) anterior
Patella A sesamoid bone enclosed in quadriceps tendon secures anterior thigh muscle to tibia
Tibia (shin bone) larger medial leg bone medial/lateral condyles knee joint with femur intercondylar eminence tibial tuberosity attachment of patellar ligament
Tibia (shin bone) medial malleolus fibular notch forms inner bulge of ankle fibular notch articulates with fibula
Fibula Lateral smaller bone lateral malleolus head forms outer bulge of ankle head articulates with lateral condyles of tibia
The Foot 7 tarsals 5 metatarsals 14 phalanges
The Foot 2 largest tarsals support body weight calcaneus talus
The Foot Other 5 Tarsals Navicular 1st-3rd cuneiforms Cuboid medial, intermediate, lateral Cuboid
The Foot Metatarsals (5) 1st-5th start at big toe
The Foot Phalanges (14) metatarsal 1 metatarsal 2-5 proximal and distal only metatarsal 2-5 proximal, middle and distal