Where are we from? Write down your name on a post-it and stick it onto the World map to show where you have family/relatives/ancestors Get your brain your gear

Where are we from? The Big Question NC Level 3-4 You can name a number of groups of people who migrated to Britain throughout history NC Level 3-4 You can name a number of groups of people who migrated to Britain throughout history NC Level 4-5 You can give reasons why groups of immigrants migrated to the UK using some named examples NC Level 4-5 You can give reasons why groups of immigrants migrated to the UK using some named examples NC Level 6+ You can compare and contrast past immigration to the UK to present immigration and predict how immigration could change in the future Learning Objective To explore the history of immigration in Britain

Starter Discuss the following questions with your partner: 1.) Where have most people migrated from and to in our class? 2.) Why do you think people and families have migrated all over the world? To really understand migration in the UK today we have to look at the past… Answers on a Whiteboard

Who are we? 10,000 years ago, nobody was living here. So all British people are descended from immigrants (people that have moved to Britain) – even the Queen 10,000 years ago, nobody was living here. So all British people are descended from immigrants (people that have moved to Britain) – even the Queen 1. Find out when and why your group of immigrants migrated to the UK – then add this information to your worksheet 2. Create a human timeline around the room to show the main groups of immigrants since 400BC 1. Find out when and why your group of immigrants migrated to the UK – then add this information to your worksheet 2. Create a human timeline around the room to show the main groups of immigrants since 400BC

Where are we from? The Big Question NC Level 3-4 You can name a number of groups of people who migrated to Britain throughout history NC Level 3-4 You can name a number of groups of people who migrated to Britain throughout history NC Level 4-5 You can give reasons why groups of immigrants migrated to the UK using some named examples NC Level 4-5 You can give reasons why groups of immigrants migrated to the UK using some named examples NC Level 6+ You can compare and contrast past immigration to the UK to present immigration and predict how immigration could change in the future Learning Objective To explore the history of immigration in Britain

Who are we? (1)Use the timeline around the room to find reasons why different groups of people have migrated to the UK and these to your timeline (2) Categorise the reasons why people migrated to the UK and using a key colour code each group of immigrants (1)Use the timeline around the room to find reasons why different groups of people have migrated to the UK and these to your timeline (2) Categorise the reasons why people migrated to the UK and using a key colour code each group of immigrants HINT: Categories could include work; to escape persecution and famine; to take control; farming HINT: Categories could include work; to escape persecution and famine; to take control; farming Challenge: Have the reasons why people immigrate to Britain changed since 4000BC and today? Why? Challenge: Have the reasons why people immigrate to Britain changed since 4000BC and today? Why?

Where are we from? The Big Question NC Level 3-4 You can name a number of groups of people who migrated to Britain throughout history NC Level 3-4 You can name a number of groups of people who migrated to Britain throughout history NC Level 4-5 You can give reasons why groups of immigrants migrated to the UK using some named examples NC Level 4-5 You can give reasons why groups of immigrants migrated to the UK using some named examples NC Level 6+ You can compare and contrast past immigration to the UK to present immigration and predict how immigration could change in the future Learning Objective To explore the history of immigration in Britain

Reflection 3.) What questions have you still got about immigration in the UK? 2.) Has your opinion of immigration in the UK changed from the beginning of this lesson? WHY/WHY NOT? 1.) What have you learnt about immigration from today’s lesson?

11,000 BC – No-one For thousands of years, almost the whole of Britain was covered by a thick ice sheet making it impossible to live in this area

10,000 BC – Hunters and Gatherers From Where? Mainland Europe From Where? Mainland Europe Reason for migrating to the UK… In 10,000 BC the ice began to retreat (melt) northwards, which made it possible for the first modern humans, who were hunter- gatherers to migrate to the British isles because there were animals to hunt, plants for eating/building with and a suitable climate in which they could survive. Reason for migrating to the UK… In 10,000 BC the ice began to retreat (melt) northwards, which made it possible for the first modern humans, who were hunter- gatherers to migrate to the British isles because there were animals to hunt, plants for eating/building with and a suitable climate in which they could survive.

4000 BC – First Farmers From Where? Mainland Europe From Where? Mainland Europe Reason for migrating to the UK… To find a good place to farm Reason for migrating to the UK… To find a good place to farm

800 BC – Celts From Where? Central Europe From Where? Central Europe Reason for migrating to the UK… To find land to farm and metals to mine Reason for migrating to the UK… To find land to farm and metals to mine

43 AD - Romans From Where? Italy From Where? Italy Reason for migrating to the UK… To take control and extend the Roman Empire Reason for migrating to the UK… To take control and extend the Roman Empire

500 - Saxons From Where? Germany From Where? Germany Reason for migrating to the UK… To work as paid soldiers. Saxons later took over the UK. Reason for migrating to the UK… To work as paid soldiers. Saxons later took over the UK.

800 - Vikings From Where? Norway From Where? Norway Reason for migrating to the UK… First as raiders (to steal resources). Then some settled here Reason for migrating to the UK… First as raiders (to steal resources). Then some settled here

Normans From Where? France From Where? France Reason for migrating to the UK… To take control of the UK Reason for migrating to the UK… To take control of the UK

Huguenots From Where? France From Where? France Reason for migrating to the UK… During this time France was a Catholic country and forced people called Huguenots (who were Protestants) to convert to Catholicism. If they refused they were persecuted (treated cruelly) so large numbers of Huguenots emigrated to a number of countries including England. Huguenots greatly contributed to the development of lace-making in Bedfordshire, England. Reason for migrating to the UK… During this time France was a Catholic country and forced people called Huguenots (who were Protestants) to convert to Catholicism. If they refused they were persecuted (treated cruelly) so large numbers of Huguenots emigrated to a number of countries including England. Huguenots greatly contributed to the development of lace-making in Bedfordshire, England.

Irish From Where? Ireland From Where? Ireland Reason for migrating to the UK… During this time Irish peasants (poor people) relied on potatoes for food and income. A disease called blight killed most of the potato crop in Ireland which resulted in about one million people dying of starvation. Therefore, around 1.5 million people emigrated from Ireland mostly to Canada, England and the United States to escape poverty and famine (having no food). Reason for migrating to the UK… During this time Irish peasants (poor people) relied on potatoes for food and income. A disease called blight killed most of the potato crop in Ireland which resulted in about one million people dying of starvation. Therefore, around 1.5 million people emigrated from Ireland mostly to Canada, England and the United States to escape poverty and famine (having no food).

1875 – Jewish People From Where? Eastern Europe From Where? Eastern Europe Reason for migrating to the UK… To escape persecution (cruel treatment) because of their religious beliefs Reason for migrating to the UK… To escape persecution (cruel treatment) because of their religious beliefs

1938 – More Jewish People From Where? All over Europe From Where? All over Europe Reason for migrating to the UK When Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came into power in Germany in 1933 the rights of Jews were restricted and they were subjected to brutality. In 1935 the Nuremberg Laws were passed which meant Jews weren’t allowed to work in many jobs and marry ‘Aryans’ ( a racial group of people with white skin from European roots). In 1938 the Nazis launched a night of terror against Jews where Synagogues (religious buildings) were burnt, Jewish shops and businesses were attacked and Jews were sent to prisons or concentration camps. Between 1933 and 1939, 50,000 adults became refugees in Britain. Reason for migrating to the UK When Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came into power in Germany in 1933 the rights of Jews were restricted and they were subjected to brutality. In 1935 the Nuremberg Laws were passed which meant Jews weren’t allowed to work in many jobs and marry ‘Aryans’ ( a racial group of people with white skin from European roots). In 1938 the Nazis launched a night of terror against Jews where Synagogues (religious buildings) were burnt, Jewish shops and businesses were attacked and Jews were sent to prisons or concentration camps. Between 1933 and 1939, 50,000 adults became refugees in Britain.

1946 – Poles, Latvians, Italians and others From Where? Mainland Europe From Where? Mainland Europe Reason for migrating to the UK… The British Government invited people from Mainland Europe here to work after World War 2 because there was a shortage of workers. These immigrants filled labour shortages and helped the UK to recover after the war Reason for migrating to the UK… The British Government invited people from Mainland Europe here to work after World War 2 because there was a shortage of workers. These immigrants filled labour shortages and helped the UK to recover after the war

1948 – West Indians From Where? The Caribbean From Where? The Caribbean Reason for migrating to the UK… Thousands of men from The Caribbean joined the Allied Forces and fought alongside Britain in World War 2. After the war the UK encouraged West Indians to migrate to the UK to help with the post-war reconstruction. In June 1948, the ship called the Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury Docks carrying 492 workers from the Caribbean. Reason for migrating to the UK… Thousands of men from The Caribbean joined the Allied Forces and fought alongside Britain in World War 2. After the war the UK encouraged West Indians to migrate to the UK to help with the post-war reconstruction. In June 1948, the ship called the Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury Docks carrying 492 workers from the Caribbean.

1956 – Indians, Pakistanis (and later Bangladeshis) From Where? India, Pakistan and Bangladesh From Where? India, Pakistan and Bangladesh Reason for migrating to the UK… Many Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis were seamen and servicemen in the Allied Forces during World War 2. As the British economy grew in the 1950s and 1960s there were huge labour (work) shortages in industries such as textiles and factory work which had long hours, low pay and shift work. Many British workers didn’t want to work in these types of jobs so people from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh were encouraged to migrate to the UK and fill the job shortages. Reason for migrating to the UK… Many Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis were seamen and servicemen in the Allied Forces during World War 2. As the British economy grew in the 1950s and 1960s there were huge labour (work) shortages in industries such as textiles and factory work which had long hours, low pay and shift work. Many British workers didn’t want to work in these types of jobs so people from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh were encouraged to migrate to the UK and fill the job shortages. Did you know? India, Pakistan and Bangladesh were part of the British Empire Did you know? India, Pakistan and Bangladesh were part of the British Empire

1960 – Lots more Irish From Where? Ireland From Where? Ireland Reason for migrating to the UK… Organisations such as London Transport and the NHS (National Health Service) started recruitment campaigns in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland to encourage graduates (well qualified and skilled workers) to migrate to the UK to fill gaps in professions such as teaching, law and advertising. Large Irish communities developed which saw the growth of Irish Pubs, Irish music and Catholic Churches. Reason for migrating to the UK… Organisations such as London Transport and the NHS (National Health Service) started recruitment campaigns in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland to encourage graduates (well qualified and skilled workers) to migrate to the UK to fill gaps in professions such as teaching, law and advertising. Large Irish communities developed which saw the growth of Irish Pubs, Irish music and Catholic Churches.

1972 – Ugandan Asians From Where? Uganda From Where? Uganda Reason for migrating to the UK… In 1972 the dictator of Uganda - Idi Armin, ordered all Ugandan Asians (their families had originated from India and Pakistan) to leave Uganda within 90 days. Idi Armin. This is an example of ethnic cleansing, as Idi Armin only wanted indigenous Ugandans to live in Uganda. Reason for migrating to the UK… In 1972 the dictator of Uganda - Idi Armin, ordered all Ugandan Asians (their families had originated from India and Pakistan) to leave Uganda within 90 days. Idi Armin. This is an example of ethnic cleansing, as Idi Armin only wanted indigenous Ugandans to live in Uganda. Did you know? Before 1962 Uganda was under British rule and was part of the British Empire. Uganda remains part of the Commonwealth and the English is its official languages. Did you know? Before 1962 Uganda was under British rule and was part of the British Empire. Uganda remains part of the Commonwealth and the English is its official languages.

– Kurds, Kosovans, Bosnians and others From Where? Kurdistan, Kosovo, Bosnia and other war-torn places From Where? Kurdistan, Kosovo, Bosnia and other war-torn places Reason for migrating to the UK… Wars resulting from the break up of the Former Yugoslavia, ethnic cleansing and conflict between rebel groups and governments caused hundreds of thousands of people to become refugees seeking safety and peace. Most refugees located near their home country. Some made their way to Western European countries such as the UK. Reason for migrating to the UK… Wars resulting from the break up of the Former Yugoslavia, ethnic cleansing and conflict between rebel groups and governments caused hundreds of thousands of people to become refugees seeking safety and peace. Most refugees located near their home country. Some made their way to Western European countries such as the UK.

Eastern Europeans From Where? Poland, Ukraine and other Eastern European countries From Where? Poland, Ukraine and other Eastern European countries Reason for migrating to the UK… All countries that are part of the European Union (like the UK) accepted that people could move freely within the European Union to live and work. Many of the people in the newer member countries (such as Bulgaria, Poland and Romania) have a lower standard of living than that found in the UK and other Western European countries such as France and Germany so many people have migrated to these wealthier countries for work and a better quality of life. Reason for migrating to the UK… All countries that are part of the European Union (like the UK) accepted that people could move freely within the European Union to live and work. Many of the people in the newer member countries (such as Bulgaria, Poland and Romania) have a lower standard of living than that found in the UK and other Western European countries such as France and Germany so many people have migrated to these wealthier countries for work and a better quality of life.

? From Where? ? From Where? ? Reason for migrating to the UK… ? Reason for migrating to the UK… ?

? From Where? ? From Where? ? Reason for migrating to the UK… ? Reason for migrating to the UK… ?