1. Anti-Semitism The widespread persecution of Jews.

2. Initial steps taken against the Jews Banned from government jobs, jobs in teaching, banking, broadcasting, newspapers and entertainment. Banned from government jobs, jobs in teaching, banking, broadcasting, newspapers and entertainment. Banned from many shops and public buildings. Banned from many shops and public buildings. Nazis stood outside Jewish-owned stores and threatened customers who wanted to enter. Nazis stood outside Jewish-owned stores and threatened customers who wanted to enter.

3. Book Burning 1933 – “Un- German” books were destroyed 1933 – “Un- German” books were destroyed

4. The Nuremberg Laws Passed in 1935. Passed in 1935. They took away the citizenship and civil rights of all Jews in Germany. They took away the citizenship and civil rights of all Jews in Germany. It became illegal for a Jew to marry a non- Jew. It became illegal for a Jew to marry a non- Jew. By 1936, most Jews found it difficult to earn a living. By 1936, most Jews found it difficult to earn a living.

5. The doors of Jewish businesses and homes were marked.

6. A synagogue burning during Kristalnacht, 1938 A synagogue burning during Kristalnacht, 1938

7. Kristalnacht = “Night of Broken Glass”

8. In Canada… Thousands of Jews tried to flee their homeland. Thousands of Jews tried to flee their homeland. Many countries did not want to open their doors. Many countries did not want to open their doors. Nearly 800 000 tried to escape between 1933 and 1939. Nearly 800 000 tried to escape between 1933 and 1939. Canada accepted less that 4000 before 1939. How does this compare to other countries? Canada accepted less that 4000 before 1939. How does this compare to other countries?

9. U.S. - 240 000 U.S. - 240 000 Britain – 85 000 Britain – 85 000

10. The St. Louis incident A ship called the St. Louis carried 907 Jewish refugees in June 1939. A ship called the St. Louis carried 907 Jewish refugees in June 1939. They were denied entry into Cuba and other Latin American countries, the U.S. and Canada. They were denied entry into Cuba and other Latin American countries, the U.S. and Canada.

11. Their Fate The St. Louis was forced to return to Europe where the refugees were taken by England, Belgium and France. The St. Louis was forced to return to Europe where the refugees were taken by England, Belgium and France. Many of the Jews on board eventually died in Nazi concentration camps. Many of the Jews on board eventually died in Nazi concentration camps.