Analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the U.S.
Keeping communism within its present territory through the use of diplomatic, economic, and military actions.
Secretary of State George Marshal asked Congress for money to rebuild the economies of European countries. It made communism less appealing. It was essential for containment.
U.S. left troops in Europe after WWII to help stabilize democratic governments. To help stop the spread of communism. Ensure the Soviet Union did not gain more territory.
March 12, 1947 Truman asked for money to fight communist aggression in Turkey and Greece. It’s immediate goal was to stabilize the governments of these countries. In the long run, it was a pledge that the U.S. would fight communism worldwide.
The belief that if you keep communist governments and the Soviets in their present territory, then they could be defeated without going to war, do to their economic and political weaknesses.
After the revolution in China, China adopted a communist government. Then China signed a treaty with the U.S.S.R. (meaning the U.S. lost it’s chief ally in Asia.) These events made the U.S. adopt a new policy in dealing with Japan. The U.S. saw Japan as their key ally in fighting communism in Asia. The U.S. adopted policies to encourage the rapid recovery of Japan’s economy.
After WWII The Soviets and Americans divided Korea. (Soviet=North Americans=South) N. Korea adopted communism S. Korea adopted a democratic government. The Soviets gave N. Korea large amounts of military supplies.
The more powerful N. invaded the South in hopes of conquering and reuniting S. Korea The U.S. went to the aid of S. Korea, and the N. Koreans withdraw
He accused his opponent of being communistically inclined. Fear on Communism and his intense speeches allowed McCarthy to become Senator. McCarthy began a witch hunt for communist.
Damaging reputations on unfounded charges. McCarthy would accuse people of being communist without any proof. (Usually people who disagreed with him, or did not share his views.) Anyone accused of being a communist could lose their job, or would have a hard time getting a job.
Castro overthrew the Cuban government, and established a friendship with The Soviets. It established a communist government in the western hemisphere. Cuba=90 miles from Florida. Many were worried the Soviets would use Cuba as a military base in the west.
The CIA secretly trained LaBrigada LaBrigada was suppose to lead an uprising against Castro, but their boats ran aground. The U.S. did not send in their air support as planned, and many of the exiles were killed for their part in the uprising. The U.S. was exposed and appeared weak and disorganized.
The CIA’s failed attempt to train Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro.
A U.S. spy plane showed the Soviets had placed long range missiles in Cuba. The U.S. set up a blockade around Cuba, to stop Soviet ships. Kennedy told Soviets they would respond to any attacks. Soviets agreed to take missiles out of Cuba. U.S. promised not to invade Cuba, and remove their missiles from Turkey.
N. Vietnam adopted a communist government and invaded S. Vietnam Because the U.S. believed in containment, they sent troops into S. Vietnam to help repeal the North. The North received war materials from China and the Soviets.
Vietcong= the guerilla soldiers of the communist Vietnamese Vietcong used booby traps, ambushes, and guerilla warfare. Vietcong could also blend in with civilians in public.
President Johnson worried declaring a full scale war would bring China and the soviets into the battle. U.S. used a war of attrition. (wearing down the enemy.) After the U.S. pulled it’s troops out N. Vietnam launched a full scale attack.
Tet=Vietnam New Year Vietcong and N. Vietnam launched a surprise attack against the American air bases and most cities in S. Vietnam. It made many Americans believe they could not win the war. Many Americans began to criticize the war.
War cost War dead Protest Pentagon Papers= government officials opposed the war in private and supported it in public.